I have produced AuNPs by utilizing AuHCl4 and Trisodium citrate as reducing agent. Subsequently, I employed Glucose for ligand exchange where the citrate capped gold nanoparticles were mixed with 0.05 mM of glucose solution and subjected to sonication for 30 min. However, upon attempting to conjugate the AuNPs with glucose capped AuNP with a different concentration of heavy metal, no reaction occurred, and the solution's color remained unchanged after the ligand exchange.