As Milham has previously asked, I am also interested in knowing countries that have practically undertaken effective disposal of contaminated biomasses. In addition, I would also appreciate if the practical method is shared, and not the theoretical approaches in papers.
Disposal of harvested plants can be a problem if they contain high levels of heavy metals inclusive copper. However, after a suitable period of growth, the plants are harvested and incinerated or composted to extract the metals.
The aquatic plant used for phyto-remediation should be treated as a resource for value addition of wastewater treatment. Composting of such used plant should resorted for obtaining manure to be used for soil conditioning for enhanced crop yields. Besides above , duck weed can be transformed into poultry feed which can generate additional income for post project sustainability . Likewise , other aquatic plants should also be used / processed for animal fodders etc.
I would say that incineration would be the most effective solution, as it would minimise the risk of reintroducing the copper back into the environment and through food chains. After incineration, you would end up with a fine ash from which you might be able to extract the accumulated copper. However, the effectiveness of extraction (and therefore economic viability) would be heavily dependent on the scale of the project, the copper concentrations in the soil and the efficiency of removal of the plant species you have chosen. A hyperaccumulator species such as Alpine Pennycress (Thlaspi caerulescens), which can accumulate significant concentrations of copper, would give you the best results.
Another benefit might be energy recovery - particularly if you use high calorie plants such as rape seed, where you could recover a good amount of heat for energy from the harvested biomass.
If you had to dispose of the ash, you would have to follow the waste acceptance criteria of the recipient facility - some may not permit free powders, so you would have to encapsulate the ash in a cement matrix first.