1. If your start material is from seeds, the seeds should be properly sterilized before placed on the medium.
2. Make sure the medium and the tools are properly sterilized by autoclaving.
3. Between transferring plant tissues, the forceps should be dipped into 70% ethanol and briefly flamed to avoid cross contamination from plate to plate
4. Maintain clean airflow in the hood by certify the hood and change the filters periodically.
5. Practice good and basic tissue-culturing techniques
Ethanol of 95% without dilution can be used, but 70% is good enough. There is no problem for me for the past > 10 years of tissue culturing. Thanks and have a happy New Year.
Dear Zahra from dermatological point of view it was found that;
Beauveria bassiana is a fungus that grows naturally in soils throughout the world. The fungus rarely infects humans or other animals, so it is generally considered safe as an insecticide. However, at least one case of human infection by B. bassiana has been reported in a person with a suppressed immune system. Additionally, like any powder, the spores may exacerbate breathing difficulties.
Tucker DL, Beresford CH, Sigler L, Rogers K (November 2004). "Disseminated Beauveria bassiana infection in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia". J. Clin. Microbiol. 42 (11): 5412–4.
Beauveria bassiana is found in many plants as an endophyte. It probably is protecting the host against insect-pests. The fungus is found in maize and other plants and is not a normally a plant pathogen.
You said that " you observance all cases I listed and yet you still got contamination". This is odd. We have been routinely doing tobacco tissue culture from sterilized seeds, and most of the tissues are ok (no contamination). We did not add any fungicide or antibiotics (unless necessary for transgenic selection). I have 2 questions:
1. Did you use seeds or explants from greenhouse?
2. If you use seeds, how did you sterilize your tobacco seeds before you put them into the plates?