I'm working on screen-printed electrode modification using nanoparticles to improve conductivity. Based on the data obtained from EIS, we can get the resistance of the modified electrode, but the matter is the calculation of conductivity from the obtained resistance value. Since the formula used to calculate conductivity from resistance (σ=A/Lxρ ) require the information of cross-sectional area and thickness of the modified electrode, it will be challenging or impossible to measure the thickness of the modified screen-printed electrode. Is there any suggestion to overcome this problem or alternatives to study the conductivity of nanomaterials on screen-printed electrodes? Attachment of related case study is highly appreciated.