I know nothing about yeast or the fermentation to produce ethanol. Attached in an article that may help you.

Anesh

Kindly check https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1386142519311710

Also check https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19476337.2015.1052018

Thank you Anesh Govender for the article. It is very useful.

Thank you Chinaza Godswill Awuchi for the articles. Are very useful.

Thanks.

La eficiencia de la levadura en el proceso de fermentación alcohólica, se puede caracterizar por la producción de alcohol etílico, por la velocidad de consumo de azúcares reductores, etc.

Thank you Roberto Robles Calderón

In my opinion, at first, you must identify what kind of efficiency are you interested in. The cultivation of yeasts can have two basic aims generally:

i) production of yeast biomass (baker´s yeast, fodder yeast, .......)

ii) production of yeast metabolites

The third possibility is to employ yeast as "a catalyst" for the conversion of various chemical compounds.

When you specify which process utilizing yeast are you interested in, then you can obtain a more detailed answer concerning parameters for evaluation of efficiency.

Regards

Vit

Thank you for the suggestion Vit Mateju

The efficiency of yeast in the fermentation process can be quantified through the determination of ethanol using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Thank you Charles Obinwanne Okoye for the suggestion.

Yes. You may follow my articles,

Optimization of process variables for minimization of byproduct formation during fermentation of blackstrap molasses to ethanol at industrial scale

Kinetics and thermodynamics of ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae MLD10 using molasses

Thank you Muhammad Arshad for the paper.

The recursive least squares algorithm (RLS) is the recursive application of the well-known least squares (LS) regression algorithm, so that each new data point is taken in account to modify (correct) a previous estimate of the parameters from some linear (or linearized) correlation thought to model the observed system. The method allows for the dynamical application of LS to time series acquired in real-time. As with LS, there may be several correlation equations with the corresponding set of dependent (observed) variables. For the recursive least squares algorithm with forgetting factor (RLS-FF), acquired data is weighted according to its age, with increased weight given to the most recent data. No prior 'training phase' is required.

Years ago, while investigating adaptive control and energetic optimization of aerobic fermenters, I have applied the RLS-FF algorithm to estimate the parameters from the KLa correlation, used to predict the O2 gas-liquid mass-transfer, hence giving increased weight to most recent data. Estimates were improved by imposing sinusoidal disturbance to air flow and agitation speed (manipulated variables). The power dissipated by agitation was accessed by a torque meter (pilot plant). The proposed (adaptive) control algorithm compared favourably with PID. Simulations assessed the effect of numerically generated white Gaussian noise (2-sigma truncated) and of first order delay. This investigation was reported at (MSc Thesis):

Thesis Controlo do Oxigénio Dissolvido em Fermentadores para Minimi...

Thank you for the suugestions, includin the thesis Carlos Araújo Queiroz

Dear Laura Bulgariu,

For what purpose you are using yeast in the fermentation process?

You check the the production products of your interest or consumption of substrate (glucose) using HPLC & GC.

I have used yeast for the production BIOETHANOL from anaerobic fermentation of acid pretreated and enzymaticaly saccharified lignocellulosic biomass of wheatstraw. My thesis is availble on my Researchgate page.

Thank you Zia ullah Khokhar for these useful information.