1. shake different quatities of aqueous and organic pases in separating funnels at operating temperature, to obtain data for plotting the equilibrium isotherm.
2. Plot the equilibrium isotherm with organic concentration on the y axis and aqueous on the x axis.
3.the operating line will be below the equilibrium isotherm.
4. You know the feed concentration of both streams.
5. draw a vertical line at your aqueous feed conc. and a horizontal line at the conc of your organic feed.
6. Now you must use your judgement to select reasonable organic out and aqueous out concentrations. mark them on the lines which you drew and join the two points. this is your operating line
7. You can now step off the McCabe-Thiele and estimate the number of theoretical stages.
8. the slope of the operating line gives the operating phase ratio.
9. the method is quite accurate for metal ions as the mass flow does not usually change significantly.
you have two solutions. change the O/A liquid volume with constant ion concentration in aqueous solution. second way is that change the concentration of ion in aqueous solution with the constant O/A liquid volume. search in hydro-metallurgy book (fathi habashi)
I attached a file about McCabe thiele diagram, i hope this file can help you.
On application of McCabe-Thiele (graphical) method to extraction mass-transfer problems at liquid-liquid extraction: https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_construct_McCabe_Thiele_diagram_for_LLE_and_is_there_any_software_for_LLE_simulation
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