To optimize the green synthesis of nanomaterials, several key factors must be carefully controlled to ensure safety, efficiency, and reproducibility:
Effect of pH: The pH of the reaction medium influences nanoparticle size, shape, and stability. Adjusting pH can enhance the reduction and stabilization process, leading to more uniform nanoparticles.
Effect of Temperature: Temperature affects reaction kinetics and nanoparticle growth. Optimizing it ensures controlled nucleation and minimizes unwanted agglomeration.
Effect of Synthesis Time: The duration of the synthesis impacts particle size distribution and crystallinity. Finding the optimal synthesis time prevents excessive aggregation or incomplete formation.
Effect of Precursor Concentration: The concentration of metal precursors determines the reaction rate and nanoparticle yield. Balancing concentrations ensures a controlled synthesis process with minimal toxicity. yield. Balanc concentrations ensures a controlled synthesis process with minimal toxicity.
please take a look on the related paper, in which you find how to optimize conditions including pH, ionic strength temperature and light effect on the kinetic
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Choosing non-toxic materials Using materials like natural plant and fungal extracts، It is important to use environmentally friendly stabilizers, such as biopolymers, to avoid toxicity and agglomeration of nanomaterials، To use green chemistry principles to replicate biological processes and reduce toxin and gain sustainability، Controlling the Size and Shape of Nanoparticle، Eco-friendly purification techniques help curb contaminants and by-products، Controlling temperature, pH, and reaction time to control particle size and reduce toxicity.