Define HIV prevention broadly; describe the ideal situation for HIV prevention,  find out what the situation for HIV prevention looks like in the study area. You can use mixed method, for HIV prevention is a complex undertaking; more than anything gender and sexuality make it complicated. You can use a questionnaire for tracking observable surface behavior; use in depth interviews to understand underpinning beliefs that govern sexual practices including health; use documentary data to track  availability of health care services, etc. Depending on your purpose you can use a mix of descriptive and analytic statistics for quantitative data, and a thematic analysis for qualitative data. The qualitative data analysis in most case is superficially handled. You need to use a rigorous analysis method, Nvivo can help you in this regards.

I often use a PESTEL (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal) model for the assessment of technology (or other phenomena, i.e. HIV) I want to understand in more detail. Particularly if you want a snapshot in time of where the phenomena sits relative to other factors.

You could create a research project for each facet, OR (if you don't want to or cannot collect original data) you might undertake a meta-analysis of HIV research for each facet and combine the summaries in a PESTEL paper/report. You may look to combine secondary data to provide insights to the world regarding HIV prevention which might inform better policy for the future.

PESTEL provides a good framework for undertaking a situational analysis. Good luck with your project. 

 To evaluate the situational risk of HIV infection prevention in Most-at-Risk-Adolescents (MARA) in Wollega University, you mad go with qualitative or quantitative approach. Mou may find a suitable measurement tool to evaluate the risk quantitatively. If there is no availbale tool, you may follow a suitable type of qualitative approach with some guidance from a specialist in this field.

Thanks very much dear scholars. I am happy on your response.

Regards,

Can anyone, kindly, explain more about the situational analysis? I need more clarification on the three mapping stages Adele Clark proposed in this design.