Hi Khaled, Herd immunity refers to a situation where enough people in a population have immunity to an infection to be able to effectively stop that disease from spreading. For herd immunity, it doesn't matter whether the immunity comes from vaccination, or from people having had disease. The crucial thing is that they are immune. With the new COVID-19 as more and more people become infected, there will be more people who recover and who are then immune to future infection. when about 50-70% of the population have been infected and recovered, the chances of outbreak of the disease become much less because most people are resistant to infections, this is called herd immunity.
This paper of mine discusses immunity as a resource. This approach is independent of herd immunity strategies. Article Certified Coronavirus Immunity as a Resource and Strategy to...
herd immunity depends on that a large part of people and not all people become infected (corona) and thus natural immunity in a person resists the virus and produces weaker strains every time it infects a new person until it produces very weak strains that the human body can easily resist. (And this idea of vaccination by the way).
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This is what England wanted to do, but it turns out that in order to quickly reach the herd immunity, we need 70-80% of people who are infected and this leads to catastrophic death rates.
But if we succeed, delay the topic and communicate the herd immunity over a longer period of time, we will need less than 50% of the people, but to some extent, people become infected, the herd becomes immune. This is an achievement
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Individuals who are immune to a disease act as a barrier in the spread of disease, slowing or preventing the transmission of disease to others.[3] An individual's immunity can be acquired via a natural infection or through artificial means, such as vaccination. When a critical proportion of the population becomes immune, called the herd immunity threshold (HIT) or herd immunity level (HIL), the disease may no longer persist in the population, ceasing to be endemic.
Merrill, R. M. (2013). Introduction to Epidemiology. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. pp. 68–71. ISBN 978-1449645175. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
Somerville, M.; Kumaran, K.; Anderson, R. (2012). Public Health and Epidemiology at a Glance. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 58–59. ISBN 978-1118308646. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
Rodpothong, P; Auewarakul, P (2012). "Viral evolution and transmission effectiveness". World Journal of Virology. 1 (5): 131–34. doi:10.5501/wjv.v1.i5.131. PMC 3782273. PMID 24175217.