im working on immunomodulation .The phtyochemical analysis shows the plant is rich in phenols especially flavonoids, tanins and terpenioids.
. As im performing some experiment with PBMC as model system and plant extracts using different solvents (methanol chloroform ethyl accetate butanol and aqueous)as fractions which is showing proliferation in some extracts while no proliferation and even sometimes negative (immunosuppressive). . Explain in detail
Hi Gourav,
PBMC contains the Macrophage, monocytes and Lymphocytes, which are the major cells of innate immune system. They have various cell surface receptors which can detect Pathogen associated Molecular patterns (PAMPs). These same receptors can also detect the foreign molecules like the ones in your case. Apart from this PBMCs have Node like receptors (NLRs) in cytoplasmic membranes which can detect the hydrophobic molecules passing through the membrane. Once these receptors bind to their respective ligands the downstream pathway gets activated. If it activates the production of proinflammatory molecules like IL6, IL12, Tnfa, IL1a, IL1b, IL17 etc., it is immune activation. If it activates the production of IL10, Tgfb, IL13 etc., it is immune suppression.
If your plant extract is inducing anti-inflammatory (Immunesuppressive) response in PBMCs, they might have the potential to be used against inflammatory diseases like Asthma, Arthritis and may be in Chron's disease. But it should be tested in-vivo before coming to this conclusion, because most of the times in-vitro results failed to be replicated in-vivo.
Hope this explanation will help you...
Hi Gourav
As you are using differents solvents, you are you are extracting different compounds in each fraction. What justifies the diffrents responses. Some compounds may be stimulator of immune response and others supppressing. Immune suppressing compounds are used in many treatments like autoimmune diseases, for example.
Hope I have helped you
Hi Gourav.
What do you mean with negative (Immunesupression)? If I understood well, you said that the number of cells decreased? In that case, maybe some of your extracts is able to induce apoptosis in the cells.
Another possible alternative would be that after the exposure to your extracts, the cells lose their ability to proliferate when stimulated with well-known stimuli like LPS for monocytes or PMA for lymphocytes, In this case, it would mean that somehow the extract drives the cells to an "anergic" or tolerant state in which they loose the ability to proliferate
yes José Pablo Romero-López negative means decrease in cell number as compared to controls (cells alone and Concavalin A)
also i would like to mention that after making extracts/fractions of these plant, the extracts were dissolved in dmso as a drug vehicle.
thank you so much Biswaranjan Pradhan
another thing as seen by ELISA the one which are stimulating leads to production of IL2 and IFN-y. we could only check the induction of these two