I am little bit confused to understand whether all the niches where cancer cells remain dormant are antimetastatic niches? How will we consider the accumulation in the bones?
Hello Paras Famta
You may want to refer to the article attached below. It may help!
Article BOOK CHAPTER: Cancer Cell Dormancy in Metastasis
The authors have discussed the disseminated tumor cell dormancy in recurrent metastasis. They have discussed the mechanisms known to control entrance of cells into dormancy, highlighting the relevant niches in which these cells reside, and mechanisms known to be involved in dormant cell reactivation.
Evidence suggests that cell-extrinsic microenvironmental mechanisms regulating endogenous cell dormancy are hijacked by disseminated tumor cells for their own survival advantage. For example, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are capable of long-term survival in reversible states of dormancy, and these are regulated through interactions with their unique tissue microenvironments or “niches” in bone. Disseminated tumor cells of several cancer types have been reported to hijack these endogenous HSC regulatory mechanisms. For example, the CXCL12 chemokine signaling axis is a critical regulator of HSC homing and quiescence and is used by both prostate cancer and breast cancer cells during colonization of bone and entrance into dormancy. Additionally, diverse cell types within the HSC niche, including the perivascular endothelial cells of the blood vessels and neighboring mesenchymal populations, including osteoblastic cells and adipocytes, all play critical endocrine and paracrine roles in niche homeostasis and dormancy.
Best.
I am not sure if all niches with dormant tumor cells are anti-metastatic. There can be a lack of critical growth factors, including oxygen and nutrients, as well as immune regulation of tumor cell numbers within disseminate micro-metastases. Here is another of a host of reviews looking into this.
The bone marrow can serve as a niche where cancer cells remain dormant but not all niches where cancer cells reside are necessarily antimetastatic. The balance between factors that promote dormancy and factors that promote proliferation within the bone marrow microenvironment ultimately determines whether cancer cells remain dormant or progress to form overt metastases. For more i would also suggest above mentioned Book chapter by Nobre
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