Could a specialist in the RNA mechanism see how the information in this paper could be used to influence Covid-19 reproduction? See https://mbio.asm.org/content/4/6/e00869-13
Selenium can boost immunity against viral infections
https://innovationorigins.com/does-the-mineral-selenium-in-herring-help-against-coronavirus/
I didn't know the relationship between serine and fatty acids. Could serine affect immunity? It's very interesting.
I originally learned the effect of propionic acid from the inhibitory effect of propionates on the cry-toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis.
However, propionates have very interesting properties and have no effect on the growth of Bacillus thuringiensis, but strongly suppress the activity of cry-protein.
Since then, we have not studied puropionates, but recently we have observed that when the drug is injected into cancer cells, it strongly causes cell death (Apoptosis?) (Unpublished). This cell death doesn't seem to occur in healthy cells, which is very interesting.
This is a reported example in which propionates significantly inhibited the activity of a crystal protein called Bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxin. Except the abstract, it is in Japanese, but I quote it for your reference. (Nobuhiro Matsumoto, 1999, j.seric.sci.)
The best use of propionate for covid-19 is prophylactic use. Use dosing and feeding methods only at concentrations below that approved for food additives. You can mix it with flour to bake bread and cakes, or mix with other foods and drinking water. I mix it with Japanese soy milk and drink it after meals. Mixing into milk is not recommended as it can be affected by casein. Also, if you are taking antihypertensive drug (Ace2 inhibitor), the effect of the drug may be reduced.
The use and effect of propionate is described on the following site in India, so I will introduce it for reference.
・Ashwin Patel 9 APR 2020 20:53
SODIUM PROPIONATE or CALCIUM PROPIONATE may be a very cheap treatment for the Cytokine storm induced by Covid-19 infection. These Propionic acid salts are known to induce the differentiation of Naive T cells into Regulatory T cells that secrete IL-10.
Propionate supplementation promotes the expansion of peripheral regulatory T-Cells in patients with end-stage renal disease
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40620-019-00694-z
https://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/news-and-analysis/features/the-hunt-for-an-effective-treatment-for-covid-19/20207883.article?firstPass=false
Dr. Geoff Taylor, How are you? Even in Japan (Ibaraki Prefecture) where we live, the threat of corona recurrence has come to be felt. Therefore, I would like to ask you to check if there are any effect cases or clinical trial data on covit-19 using Propionates (ex. Sodium propionate and calcium propionate) all over the world. For example, it seems that the propionate effect on covit-19 has finally been reviewed in Japan. I will introduce it in Japanese (see the following site).
https://www.u-fukui.ac.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/siryou20201117.pdf
https://www.chunichi.co.jp/article/155921
Nobuhiro
From your no. 2 reference:
”A research team led by Professor Tetsuji Takabayashi of the University of Fukui has discovered that a type of fatty acid, "propionic acid," reduces the protein that becomes a receptor that binds to and takes up the new coronavirus in the body. If applied to a new drug, it is expected to have the effect of reducing the infection rate of the new corona and making it less likely to become severe. It is already known that the "spiked protein" on the surface of the new coronavirus binds to the protein "ACE2" in the cells of the nose and trachea, infecting humans. The amount of ACE2 is higher in diabetics and smokers, and lower in children than in adults. The research team added about 100 kinds of substances to the mucous membrane of the nose and cells of the trachea, and also to ACE2. continues
Continuation of translation about propionic acid:
”I investigated the effect of it. When propionic acid was added to the cells, it was found that the amount of ACE2 appearing on the surface of the cells could be suppressed by nearly half compared to when propionic acid was not added. It was also found that the higher the concentration of propionic acid, the more it can be reduced. Propionic acid is used as a preservative for cheese and bread and is produced by gut bacteria in the human large intestine. If a preventive drug utilizing propionic acid is developed, it will lead to reducing ACE2 by taking the drug in mild cases and preventing the aggravation. Takabayashi met at the University of Fukui on the 17th ...”
Please have a look at this useful RG link.
Article Selenium and RNA Virus Interactions: Potential Implications ...
Selenium has an ongoing history of reducing the incidence and severity of various viral infections; for example, a German study found selenium status to be significantly higher in serum samples from surviving than non-surviving COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, a significant, positive, linear association was found between the cure rate of Chinese patients with COVID-19 and regional selenium status. Kindly check the following RG link:
Article Selenium and selenoproteins in viral infection with potentia...
In the past decade, selenium pharmaconutrition studies have demonstrated some reduction in overall mortality, including how reduced incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and infectious complications such as ARDS in the critically ill. Consequently, it has been postulated that intravenous selenium therapy, could be part of the therapeutic fight against COVID-19 in intensive care unit patients with ARDS and that outcomes could be affected by age, sex, and body weight. Kindly check the following RG link: Article Pharmaconutrition Revisited for Critically ill Covid-19 Pati...
Also, kindly check the following link, it may be useful:
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/selenium-and-viral-infection-are-there-lessons-for-covid19/BE3AC78D5C92725BE83C4E474ECBB548