Can deiodinase 1 gene that codes for deiodinase enzyme, contains a sequence of noncoding transcript?
If yes, what is the function of this noncoding transcript? Does noncoding transcript found within a coding sequence of DNA? or they have their own defined sequence in the genom?
This happens almost always. Most eukaryotic genes transcribe multiple transcripts, some are functional, some non functional (which you can assume non coding). Now with the recent focus on noncoding genome, researchers usually refer that "non-coding" as a term used for the regions which do not actually transcribe genes.
1. Noncoding DNA contains sequences that act as regulatory elements (see attached file), determining when and where genes are turned on and off. Such elements provide sites for specialized proteins (called transcription factors) to attach (bind) and either activate or repress the process by which the information from genes is turned into proteins (transcription). Noncoding DNA contains many types of regulatory elements:
Promoters provide binding sites for the protein machinery that carries out transcription. Promoters are typically found just ahead of the gene on the DNA strand.
Enhancers provide binding sites for proteins that help activate transcription. Enhancers can be found on the DNA strand before or after the gene they control, sometimes far away.
Silencers provide binding sites for proteins that repress transcription. Like enhancers, silencers can be found before or after the gene they control and can be some distance away on the DNA strand.
Insulators provide binding sites for proteins that control transcription in a number of ways. Some prevent enhancers from aiding in transcription (enhancer-blocker insulators). Others prevent structural changes in the DNA that repress gene activity (barrier insulators). Some insulators can function as both an enhancer blocker and a barrier.
2. For DOI1, It is a selenoprotein, containing the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) at its active site. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene (source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1733/)
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