In addition to birth defects, particularly heart disease, long-term, during adolescence can lead to the onset of metabolic syndrome

Maternal obesity increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus for the children. If the mother had excessive blood cholesterol and triglycerides atherogenic process will begin early in the fetus and neonatal life.

Maternal obesity is associated to unproper fetal and placental development/function. As a consequence of altered prenatal environment, maternal obesity can be one factor leading to short and long term effect in resulting offspring.

In addition to an increased risk of stillbirth, the fetal/neonatal consequences include increased adiposity and a metabolic status that increases the lifetime risk of obesity and diabetes.

Maternal obesity definitely can have an impact on offspring development, and in addition to its metabolic consequences, it can also significantly alter offspring brain development. We (and others) have done studies in our lab showing that maternal obesity in an animal model results in increased anxiety behavior in specifically the male offspring, as well as increased neuroinflammation in the brains of offspring (in addition to the increased obesity of the offspring).

See Bilbo and Tsang, 2010: http://www.fasebj.org/content/24/6/2104.short

Also, there are many excellent reviews on this topic:

EL Sullivan, EK Nousen, KA Chamlou - Physiology & behavior, 2014

RJ Van Lieshout, VH Taylor, MH Boyle - Obesity reviews, 2011

Tracy L. Bale, Tallie Z. Baram, Alan S. Brown, et al.- Biological Psychiatry, 2010

Markov model - if you want to be different

It is worth looking at the results reported from the Southampton Women's Study

http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/91/6/1745.short

The findings on liver function in offspring are particularly interesting.

In our STYJOBS / EDECTA cohort (http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00482924) which was established at the Medical University of Graz since several years and comprises now around 1300 participants we observe a strong positive correlation between maternal obesity, offspring overweight/obesity and also metabolic Syndrome. The correlation is stronger between mother and offspring compared to father and offspring.

Maternal obesity increases risks of pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, preterm birth, and birth trauma, which have been shown to be associated with offspring neurodevelopment.

Article Analysis of Maternal Prenatal Weight and Offspring Cognition...

http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/91/6/1745.short

Maternal obesity is a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in offspring.

https://www.journal-of-hepatology.eu/article/S0168-8278(21)01899-7/fulltext

Is it mandatory to establish post COVID health assessment clinic in all Hospital?

Here are some papers

Article Maternal obesity at conception programs obesity in the offspring

Maternal obesity can program offspring development in an adverse way. Maternal obesity during pregnancy is a now a public health burden that may be the culprit underlying the ever-increasing rates of adult obesity worldwide.

Article Maternal Obesity Programs Offspring Development and Resverat...