Hi Nom,

Citing your own work is sometimes confused with 'self-plagiarism'. However, this is an oxymoron. You can't be accused of plagiarising your own work if you are citing your own work. You are the original author. The only deception is if you are including your work - but not citing it. That doesn't really happen though. Most authors do the opposite.They are happy to cite their own work and further publicise their influence in the discipline field - including myself. My defence is that I will prefer to use other authors work but, if I am one of the main authors in my discipline, then I am bound to draw on my own work. .

Kindly see the following RG link:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is_it_fair_to_cite_your_own_previous_work_when_publishing_a_paper/1

Hi Nom,

Citing your own work is sometimes confused with 'self-plagiarism'. However, this is an oxymoron. You can't be accused of plagiarising your own work if you are citing your own work. You are the original author. The only deception is if you are including your work - but not citing it. That doesn't really happen though. Most authors do the opposite.They are happy to cite their own work and further publicise their influence in the discipline field - including myself. My defence is that I will prefer to use other authors work but, if I am one of the main authors in my discipline, then I am bound to draw on my own work. .

You are committing self-plagiarism if you reuse your work from previous classes or degrees without appropriate citation. If you have made a point or conducted research in one paper that you would like to build on in a later paper, you must cite yourself, just as you would cite the work of others.

Often, our academic work builds on and expands what we have done previously. Therefore, by necessity we would need to refer to the earlier studies conducted by ourselves. Especially, if the area is new or growing in importance and you are among the researchers who have made a major contribution.

I would say that self-plagiarism comes into play when researchers just re-hash their old ideas to achieve less noble ends (e.g., increasing the number of own publications with no new input in the consequent studies and just "copying and pasting" the same papers over and over again).

And, yes, a proper acknowledgement/referencing is always needed, even for one's own work.

Dear Scholar

Thank you Prof Dr Subir, Prof Dr Dean, Dr Aladeen, Dr Laria for your valuable and worhthy comments. I was afraid whether the self advertisement of previous work with proper citation is also considered as self-plagiarism. People generally do this in order to increase the citation of their paper also besides self-advertisement.

Hom

Thanks for sharing this important question. It is better to rename such case as a self-citation and it is ethical and no doubt to do such kind of citation dear my colleague, beside that many trusted academic sites including RG indicating your citation and self-citation accounts.

Regards, Emad

Thank you Hom for sharing such a significant question. The answers to this question were important for me too.

Dear every one,

Happy New Year

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Plagiarism_or_Similarity

Thank You Mr Gomaa for sharing the link.

Self citation can be strong indicator to readers that you have established strong knowledge in the designated field but with one condition can not exceed 30% from the whole references. Others may see it not healthy.overall it depend on,

My principle, cite wherever relevant as long as it is right but not exceed 30% from the whole references

@ Dr Yousef Fazea,

Great suggestions, what a practical suggestions !

Thank you.

Frequently citing own paper is not a case of plagiarism. However, verbatim from it makes a case of plagiarism.

Thanks

@ Vishnu Kumar Gupta

Thank you

@ Mahesh Kumar

Thank you

YES. Same ideas discovered not possible to publish frequently in the subsequent articles. If published it has self -plagiarism not permitted.

I am doing PhD. As per university rule I need to published my PhD work in SCI Journal then only I am eligible to submit my thesis. My Question is, Whether My publication in SCI Journal will be considered as plagiarism for thesis because same data I have to include in thesis also? Please clarify the matter.

Dear R.H. Bepary, the publication in any journal from thesis work is not a case of plagiarism.

So publish good research paper in SCI journal.

Good luck!

Interesting question and responses

You can cite you own scholarly work if it is appropriate and relevant. RG actually provides the total number and another without self citations.

Dear R.H. Bepary,

You have asked really very pertinent question. I honestly and practically suggest you to consult with your professor. I had also similar situation during my PhD in Tokyo University, Japan. I had used partial data to publish paper in a reputed indexed journal as suggested by my professor. Professor suggested not to include that data for the PhD dissertation. Later, I published three paper from the PhD dissertation after I was awarded PhD.

All the best !

Citing your own work is not a kind of plagiarism if you provide enough documetation. An excessive citation of yourself is not acceptable in a scientific research as it looks strange and confusing to the average reader.

I don't think so.

Interesting question and discussion.

Thank you colleagues helping me to widen my knowledge of horizon through your expertise.

Citing your own work just to increase your own citation may be considered as plagiarism but if it contains some important facts then it should be permitted.

@ Dr Tanveer Hasan

Thank you.

Today while doing a review of one paper submitted to one of the health journal of Sage Publication, I found there were one 11 citation from one author, and 10 another citation from another author. After doing discussion on such a platform, first time I recommended to editor to make some attention on such types of citations. I commented to author lets try to make such a citations less if there is other options also. I have still to learn many things from Prof Dr Dean Whitehead Dr Arvind Singh Dr Arvind Kumar Singh Dr Mahesh Kumar . Thank you Research Gate for this pate form.

No as long as publication ethics is followed.

No, but the author cannot rewrite whole previos paper.

To the best of my knowledge, no. It's plagiarism when you use your work and didn't cite appropriately, and self plagiarism when you copy word to word from your previous published research.

There are a number of incentives to self-cite and I like Yousef's response about max 30% references but feel that this is too high for an average academic peer reviewed manuscript. Personally, I feel that 20% would be enough otherwise it becomes a process of self-promotion!

Good question and interesting answers.

I believe that many research work does not end in a single article.

Scientific investigation can develop over time and according to different lines of research. If relevant to the study, the citation of own previous works is a correct way, and in some ways, indispensable to highlight the basics of our work and the lines of research explored in a specific knowledge field.

O course, for intellectual honesty, we must include only our publications that are relevant to the new article and not to increase our number of citations.

Many esteemed colleagues have already pointed out another aspect: today most of the systems of counting an author's citation index distinguish between total citations and self-citations.

I have always learned that using other authors, except myself, in the theoretical basis of the most credibility the foundation and does not create a personal vies, thus avoiding self-plagiarism

Hi Marcelo,

Thanks for sharing.

So you never had the need to mention one of your work in any of your articles?

I totally agree with Nicola, Dean Whitehead and Aladeen. We can cite our own work if it is relevant and appropriate to the research topic. sometimes we do further investigation or in dept study by extending the study period. In these cases we can do self citation.

Now a days many good journals discourages self citation.

You can cite your work but some scholars said you can't quote your work more than 5times because you will be committing self plagiarism. It's good to cite your work for the first time and second time.

I do not think that self citation is a matter of plagiarism , it denotes some other aspects of knowledge production. Largely it points to certain situations-the author may be doing a self promotion or as Professor Whitehead mentioned the author might be one of the leading figures in the field.

We can also see this from another angle. The author might be developing idea(s) in the same field over the period and thus self citation shows the cumulative development and/or divergence of his/her perspective , findings or argument in the field.

Dear Prof Dr Marcelo Tsuguio Okano, I do not agree with your views as Prof Dr Nicola Ramacciati has questioned. Its human behaviour every author wants to make a promotion of his previous work as well so far he can link with the article as pointed by Dr @Kapil Babu Aryal . But my question is now concerned whether it should be maximum 20% or 30% ....any idea suggestions. Sometimes percentage also does not makes sense it depends on the nature of article also. Hope to hear from other scholars as well.

Thank you Dr Kapil Babu Dahal , Dr Musa Surajudeen Dr Iqbal Thonse Hawaldar Dr Vishnu Kumar Gupta Dr Glenn Laverack Dr Felix Nwafor Dr Marcelo Tsuguio Okano Dr Nicola Ramacciati for sharing the important views.

Regards

Hom

Very intersting question and answers. I agree with Dr. Yousaf

"Self citation can be strong indicator to readers that you have established strong knowledge in the designated field but with one condition can not exceed 30% from the whole references. Others may see it not healthy."

Thank you Dr Wajid Zaman for the great views.

Dear Hom Nath Chalise,

Thank you for proposing and stimulating this discussion!

With regard to the precise limit of the autocitations, I can not answer you. And I do not believe that there is an established and opportune threshold.

Writing a paper, I have never calculated the percentage of my citations compared to the total.

I quote what I think is necessary to corroborate what is stated in the text and give precise and further references to those who read my article.

Of course, because every research, even in unexplored and new fields, is based on previous knowledge, the number of auto citations can only be a part of the total of these.

Furthermore, when there is a numerical limit for references due to editorial standards, I prefer to mention other authors and to compress my self-citations to the minimum necessary.

Theoretically, self-citation does not come under plagiarism. But I totally agree with Aladeen Alloubani and Kapil Babu Dahal .

If you are adding further something new to your previous study, you should always go for self-citation. But unnecessary self-citation is not ethical as many authors doing it very frequently.