Well my understanding of conventional fruit production is that; is involves the cultivation of one type or kind of fruit in a plantation (mono-cropping). That is what I believe is the standard or regular way of producing or cultivating fruit crops; while Integrated fruit production involves the cultivation of more than one fruit crop on the same piece of land or in an orchard (poly-culture)
Conventional fruit production , we usually presume monoculture as rightly pointed by Rikiatu , but integrated fruit production as many meaning , it could be multiple fruit species ( off course fruit -based), it could be a variety of management practices like integrated nutrient management , integrated pest and disease management : or even multiple fruits raised under watershed using a variety of soil water conservation practices...
The conventional agriculture is the typical method of farming. The farmer intervene with preventive and curative chemical treatments, allowed when necessary, to limit the development of plant pests. It must comply with the maximum residues limits allowed and set by EC law. In general, there are limitations in the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers only in environmentally sensitive areas.
The integrated farming or integrated production is an agricultural system of low environmental impact, which provide a limited use of pesticides, fertilizers and water, in the respect of the environment, in order to reduce to a minimum the use of inputs that have an impact environmental or consumer health.
The products carried out by “integrated production” often are characterized by specific brands that the farmer employs voluntarily in order to be better identified by the consumer.
On a simple way, is a modern fruits (and other agricultural products) production system that, being subjected to permanent controls, leads to the production of vegetables with characteristics of safety for the consumer, the producer and the rural workers, and also ensures the preservation of the environment. The conventional system can be performed using the best technique or not. The conventional system can be performed using the best technique or not. This will depend on the rural producers professionalization degree. I hope I have answered your question.
The Integrated Crop Management (ICM)is a multidisciplinary system that seeks to apply the available techniques, methods and resources available in an environmentally friendly way to reduce or maintain pest populations below the level of economic damage.
The implementation of an integrated crop management program requires knowledge of the biology of pests and their natural enemies, crop physiology, and levels and thresholds of economic damage. These aspects that determine agricultural productivity are regulated by the following factors that are interrelated with the crop:
• Abiotic: climate, soil, light, water and nutrients
The fundamental objective of the ICMis to establish the appropriate measures of management and coexistence with the pests to obtain the maximum production with the best quality conserving the environment.
It consists of three phases:
• Prevention: a set of measures aimed at keeping pest populations low.
• Observation: monitoring the crop to establish the level of pests
• Intervention: a set of measures to reduce pests at sub-economic levels
As tools to develop the process resources are available:
Integrated fruit production (IFP) can be defined as the economic production of market
quality crops, giving priority to methods that are the safest possible to human health and the environment. IFP seeks to combine or ‗integrate‘ the best aspects of orchard systems whether they be conventional, organic or something in between. It is a pragmatic approach that recognises that orchard practices must be safe, sustainable and profitable for growers.IFP is a pro-active approach that aims to avoid problems if possible by, for example, planting disease-resistant varieties or using cultural management to reduce pest populations. Where intervention is necessary, the objective is to prevent potential problems from occurring. Pesticides remain an important component within IFP, but the choice of chemicals and their correct timing of application is crucial to the success of IFP. Natural enemies (predators and parasites) are encouraged by the minimal use of selective pesticides. IFP is a good resistance-management strategy because it promotes biological control and cultural management, and does not rely solely on chemicals. IFP growers should aim to be good neighbours by minimising air, water and soil pollution..
Conventional agriculture use a lot of pestices, sintetic fertilizer, and monocrops.
Integrate production use pecticides when those are require, use traps or biological controls for pest, organic fertilizer as compost, vermicompos, tea manure, associate crops, etc
"The integrated farming or integrated production is an agricultural system of low environmental impact, which provide a limited use of pesticides, fertilizers and water, in the respect of the environment, in order to reduce to a minimum the use of inputs that have an impact environmental or consumer health" (Orlando).
The major difference between the conventional and integrated fruit production is with the respect to readdressal of all the issues starting from nutrient, water, pet and disease management in an integrated manner. I agree with the first response of Dr. Srivastava.
Incidently conventional fruit production is more site specific in nature, while integrated fruit production involves a combination of both traditional and conventional practices.
Some very good points Ricardo , i agree with you . Conventional system of production gives more options , while integrated system is exclusively based on your actual observation , more stringent in implementation but holistic as well...
FAO definition about Integrated Pest Management(IPM):
IPM means the careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of appropriate measures that discourage the development of pest populations and keep pesticides and other interventions to levels that are economically justified and reduce or minimize risks to human health and the envronment.IPM emphasizes the growth of a healthy crop with the least possible disruption to agroecosystems and encourage natural pest control mechanisms.
Conventional Pest Management comprises only application of pesticides with non-selective action.This system was applied during the decades of '50 and '60. Because of the development of resistance of insects against pesticides and environmental destruction, poisoning of workers and consumers, this system has now been abandoned -at least at developed countries- as ineffective and dangerous for agricultural, environment and humans.So that may be the reason that integrated production is considered conventional in this day and ages.
I thank everyone for the answers, I was on a short trip and I did not get immediately respond to you.
I'm doing a doctorate on this subject at the University of Zagreb. The menu is a clear distinction between these two concepts. What I would like to emphasize that the countries of the Western Balkans (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro Macedonia ..) integrated production just introduced. In EU countries, this concept is understood. If I well understood.
The main problem when introducing an integrated concept in the Western Balkans is in high costs when compared with conventional approach. On the other hand the same selling price as well as products by the conventional approach. This situation is inadequate motivator for farmers to move to integrated production concept.
I'd love to hear your experience in your countries?