Neha Kumari I have tested the efficacy of several formulations based on silver nanoparticles and their interactions with antibiotics and other pesticides. While the efficacy was noticeable in vitro experiments, when used in real-field conditions, the effect of these compounds primarily affected plant resistance, rather than the targeted phytopathogens.

Alex Ignatov Thank you, sir, for replying. Do you have any suggestions or guidance for resolving this issue?

Neha Kumari Combination of other metal nanoparticles with fungicides was more efficient. For instance, Cu-based compounds and mancozeb is well-known efficient combination, it has 4-folds higher antibacterial effect comparing to Cu alone.

Alex Ignatov

Sir, the pest I'm dealing with is a leaf miner, and I would like to use entomopathogenic fungi to control it.

Neha Kumari I know that DNA insecticides in combination with viruses have a positive effect. It is possible that some insecticides could be synergistic with entomopathogenic fungi, although it is unlikely that silver nanoparticles would be effective against the pest

Alex Ignatov While silver nanoparticles may not show significant effectiveness against certain pests, I was wondering about the potential of other nanoparticles—such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or clay-based types—in improving the performance of entomopathogenic fungi. Could these options offer any practical benefits in pest management formulations? If not, I would appreciate your suggestions on alternative approaches that could help enhance pest mortality.

Neha Kumari I believe that clay-based or organic particles will be useful for your purpose.

Alex Ignatov Thank you! I really appreciate your insight—clay-based and organic particles do seem promising for what I'm aiming to achieve.