You must be a doctor for at least 3 years, have relevant academic production. The candidate will be evaluated through didactic presentation he/she must write another thesis which will be evaluated by a jury composed by professors with a higher degree than the requested position.
In Ukraine, the procedure for conferring the title of associate professor and professor is established by law. The law is available at: http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0183-16
I translated for You the part about the professor:
1. Academic rank of professor is assigned to employees of higher educational establishments:
1) who have the status “Doctor of science” in various fields of knowledge;
2) who have the degree of associate professor;
3) who have been trained or have worked at a higher education institution in a country that is part of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development or of the European Union or managed the projects funded by these countries. All these activities must be certified by appropriate certificates, diplomas or other official documents;
4) which teach the discipline in the language of the country that is part of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development or of the European Union. These activities must be certified by appropriate official documents;
5) who have:
work experience not less than 10 years as an assistant, teacher, assistant professor or head of the department, including the last calendar year at one department of one higher educational institution:
at least two publications in periodicals included in the science-based databases Scopus or Web of Science;
Certificate in accordance with the European Language Education Recommendation (at level not lower than B2) from the languages of the European Union.
To become a professor in a state university in Sri Lanka one has to have experience, competencies and contributions in line with the scheme developed the University Grants Commission in Sri Lanka. For submitting an application and the related documents it will take at least three months for an academic (who should be a senior lecturer) who expects to be promoted to the post of associate professor or professor. For getting the result of the application, it will take at least seven months. Please find the attached for policy, procedure etc for appointing associate professors and professors in Sri Lankan State University System.
To become a professor see the Despacho conjunto no. 373/2000, of 31st March of the Ministro da Reforma do Estado e da Administração Pública and the Ministra para a Igualdade requires that in the notices for admissions of personnel the following statement must be included: "In compliance with paragraph h) of Article 9 of the Constitution, the Government, as an employer, actively promotes a policy of equal opportunities between men and women for the access to employment
and career development, taking every step to prevent each and any form of discrimination".
Please see the link bellow for a full professor international documentary recruitment procedure at the University of Lisbon (it is possible to moove from assistant professor to full professor (very hard) or from associate professor to full professor).
The qualified faculty candidate shall be evaluated based on academic and professional qualifications to determine the initial rank. Qualification for a given faculty rank are established on the basis of the minimum required academic and professional qualification and achievement as specified in the respective programs. To qualify for a given promotion, faculty must meet the minimum requirement for that rank which are accredited only once.
The faculty members academic and professional qualifications and achievements are evaluated to determine the initial faculty rank. Each faculty member is then expected to demonstrate proficiency in teaching, advising, and leadership. Improved faculty performance and professional growth is measured through the faculty appraisal and promotion in rank is the acknowledgement of the faculty readiness to move forward to the next level of performance and responsibility.
In my faculty, we also adhere to the 'minimum qualifications' model for promotion and tenure. Although the actual qualifications vary between schools, at UNB in the Faculty of Business Administration we require 3-4 peer-reviewed publications, a solid and positive teaching track record (as measured by student opinion survey outcomes), and a record of service. We loosely follow the 40/40/20 rule: candidates should spend 40% of their time researching, 40% of their time teaching, and 20% of their time in service.