Is it possible that the stem cells which are transplanted into blood reach to brain and help in treating brain disorders?
The BBB plays a major role in restricting the passage of MSCs into the brain. However, depending on whether there is inflammation or injury, the BBB could be compromised in its restriction and it is possible to have transmigration of MSCs across the BBB in an injured brain.
Inflammed Blood brain barrier can aid transportation. Highly lipid soluble substances can breach the limit of BBB
I agree with both answers. In addition, I expect circulating MSC to be even more migrative than hematopoietic stem cells. In mice, the latter were nicely challenged in a classical paper by Mezey et al.:
Turning blood into brain: cells bearing neuronal antigens generated in vivo from bone marrow. Science 2000 Dec 1;290(5497):1779-82.
Multiple endogenous circulating progenitor cell populations are involved in both organogenesis and repair after brain damage, in both neonates and adults. Their efficacity is mostly attributed to their paracrine action and much less to their differentiation to nerve cells. So, it is not necessary to enter BBB, in order to ameliorate brain injury. Mechanisms of action are mostly antiinflammatory, neurotrophic, immunomodifying etc.. In this line, exogenous administered stem cells will "probably" have a favorable result. I underline "probably", because multiple parameters play a major role. For example the type of brain injury (acute, chronic), the time and the dose of administration, age etc.. Timing is quite a basic thing. Too early administration might result in exaggeration of the injury. Too late in no effect at all. So, answering your question is not simple at all.
Thanks for your response, if there is any study related to this, please also do share that.
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