I am studying sustainable agriculture and existing sustainable agricultural practices in the world. please suggest different existing sustainable agricultural practices in different parts of the world.
One possibility is the application of arbuscular mycorrizal fungi in the fields and them application of organic amendments, with the logical diminishing of chemical fertilizers. You can produce a commercial inoculum with certified strains and then applied such fungi. You can check our work: Soil–strain compatibility: the key to effective use of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculants? Ricardo A. Herrera-Peraza & Chantal Hamel & Félix Fernández & Roberto L. Ferrer & Eduardo Furrazola. Mycorrhiza (2011) 21:183–193 DOI 10.1007/s00572-010-0322-6.. In other work:
Effectiveness of MICOFERT® on the growth of asparagus in Peru
Juan Francisco Ley-Rivas, Luis Aliaga Rodríguez y Eduardo Furrazola Gómez. Acta Botánica Cubana Vol. 215, No. 1 pp. 75-79 / 2016. Electronic address: http://revistas.geotech.cu/index.php/abc/index
In 1985, Gordon Conway—now Professor of International Development at Imperial College, London—suggested that agricultural systems might be assessed on the basis of four properties: (i) productivity (measured in terms of yield or net income); (ii) stability of yield or net income; (iii) sustainability of yield or net income; and (iv) equitability in terms of income distribution. (See Gordon Conway. 1985. Agroecosystems Analysis. Agricultural Administration. Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 31-55.) He did not indicate what types of trade-offs should be made between characteristics when a choice is available or who should make trade-off judgments. However, an ex-ante assessment of rural conditions and trends using a cultural perspective would facilitate that exercise.
PS: I reproduced a figure from Conway's article, which illustrates desirable and undesirable agricultural systems from the four perspectives mentioned, in Past Visions of Rural Asia's Future, available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269097401_Past_Visions_of_Rural_Asia%27s_Future.
I have been studying vertical farming and controlled-environment (indoor) agriculture and the small-scale viability of business models using new technologies. The most limiting factor for these is the cost (financially and to the environment) of artificial lighting and heating/cooling of the growing spaces. Let me know if you want some links...
Family farmers are involved in sustainable agricultural practices in sub-Sahara Africa. Agro-pastoralists, agroforestry, intercropping, crop rotation, zero-tillage, irrigation
farming and contour farming are feasible practices for family farmers. Read further http://www.istituto-oikos.org/files/download/2014/HANDBOOK_WEB_final.pdf