Articles have only mentioned that cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds were lyophilized before SEM analyses for cell adhesion. However, no details were mentioned.
Article One-step formation of three-dimensional macroporous bacteria...
Samples were fixed by adding 5% glutaraldehyde solution overnight which was replaced with a fresh sterilised solution of PBS and changed three times before soaking in fresh sterilised deionised water for one hour twice. Then, the CCC samples were frozen at −80 °C for three hours before placing them into a Christ ALPHA 2–4 freeze-dryer for 24 hours.
The aforementioned protocol is excellent advice by Dmitriy Berillo Here are a couple more references to something I have used. But keep in mind, sometimes critical point drying can induce artifacts in biological samples so this protocol can be helpful when drying samples.
Samples were fixed in a 2.5% (v/v) solution of glutaraldehyde in 0.1 m sodium cacodylate buffer for 2 h and washed 3 times in 1xPBS. The samples were dehydrated with increasing concentrations of absolute ethanol (50%, 75%, 90% (2×), 100% (2×)). Specimens were dried in hexamethyldisilazane (Electron Microscopy Sciences) via serial exchange from the ethanol (100:0, 50:50, 0:100) and sputter coated.
Article Engineering anisotropic biphasic Janus-type polymer nanofibe...
Article Engineering hybrid polymer-protein super-aligned nanofibers ...
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