I assume so: PubMed searches and reading do not give me a definitive answer to this as yet. Any answers would be preferred to be supplemented with a reference.
Dear Robert, I agree with you. I have no information about any publications about intracellular Phytomonads. However, please keep in mind that to date very little work has been carried out on this plant parasite and its life cycle.
I agree too. There is very few information about Phytomonas in general. In PubMed you can retrieve today just 180 papers http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=phytomonas So, I have not found information about intracellular Phytomonas.
At Scopus there are 209 articles. However, with similar results.
But I found three articles interestingly related:
-The Streamlined Genome of Phytomonas spp. Relative to Human Pathogenic Kinetoplastids Reveals a Parasite Tailored for Plants
-Phytomonas and Other Trypanosomatid Parasites of Plants and Fruit
-Aerobic kinetoplastid flagellate Phytomonas does not require heme for viability
None of them appears to indicate about intracellular parasitism of Phytomonas.
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Thanks to both of you for answers. I read the Erney Camargo paper over the weekend, and it did not address this question, although it was really comprehensive for discussion of history of strain discovery, morphology, ultrastructure, metabolism, and taxonomy and identification. I still need to read the recent genome paper.
Dear Robert, I agree with Fred and Alfonso. Unfortunately there is a very few studies concerning Phytomonads biology in both plants and insect vector.
I will be careful in discussion of the Phytomonas species in future, it seems more work needs to be done to understand their life cycles.
Dear Robert, I agree with the other and I have no information about intracellular Phytomonads.
Dear Robert,
I have much more information about Phytomanas parasite. I here give you few links for your information that might be help you.
http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004007
http://www.mimg.ucla.edu/faculty/campbell/pdf_files/54.pdf
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2009.00604.x/pdf
http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/pdf/1756-3305-7-203.pdf
The Phytomonas genus includes parasites that circulate in two distinct environments- plants and insects. The successful culturing of Phytomonas
species in the lab. Phytomonas is a parasite able to infect tomatoes, an edible fruit regularly consumed in natura by humans. The similarities between Phytomonas spp.
and other digenetic parasite are trypanosoma (Tsetse fly to human and animal) and Leishmania (Sandfly to human and animal) have been successfully investigated.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3916237/
Please use this link also
Several things are known about the cycle and the biology of Phytomonas. Those who work on other phloem restricted pathogens/parasites like the phytoplasmas, know that Phytomonas have a cycle similar to phytoplasma. A book article is under press about Phytomonas, their vectors and their transmission, with a lot of references.
As phytoplasmas , Phytomonas live in the phoem sap (they like sugars). They live in the sieve tubes, more or less mature. Before to be a "tube" (protophloem) they are cells.
In the insects Phytomonas multiply in the gut. We have experimented this point. And they return to the salivary glands from where they are injected in a new host. In several cases Phytomonas have been found in the hemolymph. That is the big question: do all Phyomonas cross the gut epithelium to invade the hemolymph and cross the salivay glands membrane to enter? or can they go back to the SG along the peritrophic membrane as in the tse tse fly? they are different families of vectors of Phytomonas and different "groups" -at least 10- of Phytomonas. it is possible that some couples (like the pentatomidae Lincus and the group H ) have a different mechanism of transmission from other couples (for instance the Coreidae Dicranocephalus and group D)
Thanks Michel for the detailed answer, I will certainly look forward to the book article. These are fascinating questions relating to the life cycle, and any additional complexity on the way to the salivary glands, particularly crossing the gut epithelium, would require a suite of genes for this purpose. If this is indeed the case, one wonders what the mechanism would be and whether there could be with T. brucei which crosses the blood brain barrier.
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