Ink production per day could mount up to 1 tonne per day and the current treating unit is a filter press which can only go up to a max capacity of 0.7 tonne per day. The parameters of the discharge from the filter press are not permissible due to the high COD and BOD of 2000 ppm and 1000 ppm respectively. Besides the oil and grease content of around 0.2%, it is not permissible to be discharged to the drainage system too. The color turbidity allowed in this country is 200, but the lab test shows 150-220, which varies due to decreasing performance of the filter press.
In msot case, you still need UF+NF membrane filtration. 1 ton/day is very small amount for waste water treatment. Event you can build your own filtration system by yourself, If you need I can help.
Membrane maintenance is quite an issue here. I know that this amount is very small, but the discharge standard in this area is rather stringent. The amount of waste ink will increase with the new flexo machine after few months.
Dear Ms Lee,
I might be able to answer your question if you can provide me with the following facts:
1) What is the analysis of your effluent please cover all 29 -30 parameters.
2) What are the effluent standards permitted by the environment ministry of Malaysia
3) What are your existing costs and what is your target cost.
4) How do you dispose off the solids recovered from the filter press.
5) What is the quantity/volume of effluent required to be treated every day.
You are right, a filter press is not the answer to your problem especially if there is a chance that standards will be tightened even further in the near future.
I have just helped invent a new multi step process that will help treat the large quantities of liquid effluent discharged by palm oil mills and the resultant water is almost as clear as tap water. All parameters specified by the environment ministry are being met. This is possibly one of the most cost effective machines available in the world.
Rgds.
Uday Philar
If interested, please communicate to:
hi mr uday,
i am delighted to know more about your findings.. do share with me if possible.
we are a small company making very tight profit margin annually.. investing in gigantic and high tech based wastewater treatment system seems impossible for us. besides, manpower is a constraint in my company when all the focus is mainly on the production.
as for the parameters, what are the relevant parameters you need? analysis of wastewater after the filter pressing? COD and BOD remain on the high concentration of 2000ppm and 1000ppm respectively. with color and oil and grease content make discharge an impossible solution.
as for malaysia, solid waste management is being centralised and very costly. imagine to dispose a tonne of solid waste costs us rm3k, with those sludge having moisture content of 70-80%. how much would this centralised body make per day, just from the disposal from my company? it is an extremely huge amount.
i did asked around for other possible solutions. those big companies are using much better technology but it is a big no-no for my company. very high initial investment cost, and high O&M. my boss would rather sack me off and get another replacement though.
mr uday, do pm me if you have any good offer for my company. pm me at [email protected] if you need more info though...
thanks
mei
mr uday
the law and regulation set by department of environment in malaysia states that, any wastewater containing any amount or concentration of oil and grease is not permittable to be discharged to watercourse by any means... COD load of more than 6kg/d is not allowed... BOD load of more than 6kg/d is not allowed too...
I have an experience in treating color waste using alkaliphilic microbial isolates and consortia. Color removal was almost complete under anoxic condition. So, you can try it
The Illinois Sustainable Technology Center has done a lot of work on pollution prevention and waste treatment for the printing industry. Go to http://www.istc.illinois.edu/ and type "printing" in the search box.
It appears that you may need to use a chemical oxidation treatment method.
Fenton's Reaction is usually applied remove color and COD. Fenton's should also remove as lot of the suspended solids as well by precipitation.
Basic ingredients:
Ferrous Sulphate for Fe(II) which is your catalyst
30 or 50% hydrogen peroxide ( be extra careful with this)
The solutions pH should be between pH 3 - 4 for reaction to begin.
Final solution pH will be ~ 2 at end plus the precipitant.
You may need to adjust the end pH to above 5 for discharge.
Ratio's of reactants required are by trial in small jars say 20 - 100 mL.
Gas will be formed and foam out can occur depending on molar ratio's used.
So leave some head room in the jar for gas build up.
You should find a lot of information on the internet.
I found this one quickly. (I have access to complete article)
Xiang-Juan Ma, Hui-Long Xia, Treatment of water-based printing ink wastewater by Fenton process combined with coagulation, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 162, Issue 1, 15 February 2009, Pages 386-390, ISSN 0304-3894, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.05.068.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030438940800736X)
There is technology that can recover and separate the ink and further separate the oil/grease content with one piece of equipment...this equipment uses a patented ceramic ultra filtration system that removes TSS/VSS, DOC/Color, oil and grease, metals and bacteria because it filters everything out to 0.01 micron's...once these materials are removed from the waste stream the BOD and COD will be reduced accordingly...we have just completed an extensive study using this system with ink and I can provide this information and pictures to you...we still have the system setup and we can process your samples to evaluate the effectiveness of the system relative to your effluent...please contact me if I can assist you with further information...
Dr. G.Sekaran , Environmenal Technology Division , Central Leather Research Institute
Dear friend,
The wastewater carrying high COD and low BOD cannot be treated in a single unit operation.
The COD has to be reduced progressively only with the help of AOPs. Amongst the AOPs the Fenton oxidtion of organics proved its success. However , the efficiency is limited by the presence of high TDS and also consumption of fenton chemicals is very high.
My technology , hetero fenton oxidation using meso porous activated carbon has been successful in treating the high COD and low BOD wastewater with low dosage of fenton chemicals.
The hetero Fenton oxidation may be followied with biological system if required immobilised cell reactor technolgy may be the choice.
We have been assisting industries in india and other countries for the treatment wastewater containing refractory organics.
High TDS can be treated by electrochemical coagulation / precipitation with iron/iron or iron/aluminium prior to oxidation. I performed some preliminary investigations with electrochemical coagulation on process wastewater from an cellulosic ethanol sugar cane plant. This was very successful at removing high TDS from the wastewater but had no effect on the COD.
Dr. G.Sekaran , Environmenal Technology Division , Central Leather Research Institute
Electro chemical coagulation requires periodic replacement of anode and production of sludge .
As was suggested by Mr. David Gent , COD will be removed by very little percentage.
Modern waste water treatment is available but for small industry it is difficult to spend additional amount due to competition. I can suggest some low cost solution for you. Drain your waste to a settling tank. Charge lime in the tank and keep it for seven days. Transfer the clear water in to another tank and charge poly electrolyte and allow to react for seven days. You can discharge the waste water after analysis tn the environment. You can use the water for gardening and to flush toilet.
The process may be simple , but the investment cost due to the civil structures for the detention period of 14 days will be quite high. During the detention period , one can not rule out the possibility of creating an anaerobic lagoon concept which has been banned in India.
Hence, the technology must follow with close rector type so that prevention of global warming due to the release of gases and bioaerosols to the environment .
I have good experience in removing dyes and especially inc from industrial waste water. The first step is to use suitable coagulants to remove up to 95% of the ink contents. Then filtration and use adsorption process using suitable adsorbent to remove the rest of the ink.
I agree with Zakaria and others recomeending simple but multiple unit operations. I have conducted a research project for a small industry in Chicago area. Simple salting out with NaCl or CaCl2 (~3-5 wt%), then decant, and cartridge filtration worked well for the industry. Some recoverable components also resulted in. The colored water can be recycled or discharged after running through an adsorption column.
Removal of soluble ink components by coagulatns may result with generation of primary chemical sludge which requires to be treated separately otherwise leads to leaching problem . Moreover, the efficiecny of removal is only 70-80% and the rest has to be treated through adsorption column . The disposal of the adsorbents after saturation leads becomes an another disposal issue.
In response to what Ganesan mention, I would like to inform him that the removal efficiency depends on the coagulant . You Know that inks are organic compound which could be incenerated after separation, This process could regenerate the coagulant used. In addition, if inorganic adsorbents are used, the same process will be performed for their regeneration.
Nice discussion here. Just curious, how effective is biological treatment for ink waste with/without pretreatment? What is the average level of organic/inorganic nitrogen in these wastes?
- Badges
- Science topic
- Similar topics
- Social Psychology
- Attitude