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Microorganisms are susceptible to temperature changes. Low or high temperatures are not a crucial cause of killing all microorganisms; several bacteria, yeast, or fungi can survive at extremely low or high temperatures. Furthermore, temperature can drastically modify the growth rate of any microorganism. Therefore, in bioreactor design and performance, temperature is one of the abiotic parameters you may control to allow the growth of the microorganism or reach the correct temperature at which a biological transformation process is developed.

A temperature probe, a temperature controller, and a heat exchanger (jacket, coil, etc.) are essential aspects of a bioreactor design in a process in which temperature can drastically modify the growth rate of a microorganism.

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Moo-Yung M (2011). Comprehensive Biotechnology. 2nd ed. Elsevier. Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Chapter 20 – Microbial growth dynamics. Panikov NS. pp. 257-271.

Waites MJ, Morgan NL, Rockey JS, Higton G (2001). Industrial Microbiology: An Introduction. Blackwell Science. London, UK. Chapter 2 – Microbial growth and nutrition. pp. 21-45.