Why is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rising all over the world?
PCOS is heavily linked to insulin resistance. With the rise of non-communicable diseases globally including type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, the incidence of PCOS is expected to also increase considerably.
I think "sedentary lifestyle" is the main reason for rising of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) across the world. Please take a look at the following RG link and PDF attachments.
Article Exercise therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review
Also could also be use of contraceptives interferring hormonal profile. Earlier time, there was not much use of contraceptive drugs. Folliculogenesis is under the control of hormones.
PCOS is heavily linked to insulin resistance. With the rise of non-communicable diseases globally including type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, the incidence of PCOS is expected to also increase considerably.
Changed feeding Habits, sedentary life style, affluence, refined and fatty foods, pollution (EDCs), increase in IR and Metabolic syndrome.
I think there are three different issues here:
1: Real increase because of the increased obesity in most populations with the resulting insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia.
2: More awareness and understanding of the problem by both the medics and general population, hence being investigated.
3: Over diagnosis by tagging all women with ultrasonically diagnosed PCO as PCOS. This is a real issue as PCO could be seen in cases with thyroid problems, high prolactin and adrenal enzymatic problems without being necessary PCOS. Yet again the new criteria for using 12 small cysts in the whole ovary led to over diagnosis of even ultrasonically diagnosed PCO. This has been documented in teenage girls.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is more prevalent among girls of reproductive age group.Along with it, PCOS has been reported in lean and obese patients both as per earlier studies. Although it has multiple etiologies but real cause is still unknown. In my view, family history of PCOS is one of the main cause that may be the responsible factor.. Sedentary lifestyle, faulty food preferences are still considered the most common cause which leads to insulin resistance and further to PCOS manifestation. However, large no.of the population had Sedentary lifestyle and junk food consumption globally..but they don't get affected from this syndrome...that support the view to some extent that some other confounding factors may also involved. Among them, genetic history of PCOS may be the most probable cause.
Between 10-15% of women suffer from PCOS, making it the most common cause of female infertility and characterized by hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation with consequential menstrual irregularity and subfertility. As many as 70% of with PCOS exhibit insulin resistance, with the compensatory hyperinsulinemia considered to be cause of the hyperandrogenism. so, obesity, which itself can cause insulin levels to rise may itensity PCOS
It could be due to a number of factors; namely, poor lifestlye habits and subsequent global epidemic in obesity can lead to the development of metabolic and reproductive abnormalities associated with PCOS such as insulin resistance, abnormal menstrual cyclicity, and excessive androgen concentrations in women who are genetically pre-disposed to the condition. Also, advancements in the ultrasonographic imaging technology that affords maximal resolution of ovarian follicles has led to improved visualization of ovaries which can affect the diagnosis of polycystic ovaries.
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