Because, in general, physical and chemical properties of the bulk (3D) are different than the corresponding ones on surface (2D).
Thanks for your response! However, it's a bit too general. Could you provide specific examples of the physical and chemical properties that differ in both cases?
For instance, I am studying molecular magnets (MM) on surfaces for quantum computing and data storage applications. I want to be able to clearly explain why I focus on MM on surfaces rather than bulk samples when asked.
S. M. Dubiel
The coercive force of the magnetic film made of small supermagnetic nanoparticles of 20 nm changes depending on the temperature. This is used for recording and storing information. See Fig.9
https://kpfu.ru/staff_files/F41600184/Opticheskie_metody_hraneniya_informacii.pdf
On surface/presurface crystal symmetry is reduced consequently different are: (1) crystal field (2) charge & spin densities (hyperfine field) - see DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.55.2491. Different is also magnetic anisotropy: magnetization vector on the surface tends to be perpendicular to it, and pararell in the bulk. Example: in 2 µm-thick AISI 304 stainless steel (Jiří Pechoušek et al, to be published) the difference between the two orientations is ca. 24 deg.
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