Which method do you recommend for estimating monthly and annual runoff data when you have monthly and annual inflows in million gallons, monthly and annual precipitation and temperature data as available data
Please, clarify your problem, because it is not clear your question now. Inflow is measured in volume units (gallons, cubic meters etc.). per time unit (including month and year too). Runoff can be presented with the same units or with layer units (inches, mm). Would you like to estimate probability characteristics only or you would like to find suitable runoff model, which will give you comparable measured results of monthly and annual inflows in some points or?
Victor Popovych thanks for guidance I have Inflow data in Million Gallons and I need Runoff in Millimeter how i can do this conversion? If you know any suitable literature kindly guide me
As Victor pointed out, I am not quite sure what exactly you're looking for. If you are looking for appropriate method to estimate runoff, I have attached a comprehensive summary of the various methods available at various scales. However, if this is entirely a conversion issue as you pointed out in your clarification then all you need to do is to divide by the area over which the inflow occurred in order to obtain the Runoff in millimeters.
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To recalculate volume discharge into layer units it is necessary to have basin area upstream to your inflow point(s).
I hope you have data on upstream area (in square miles or kilometers or hectares), because usually such data available from local organizations. If you have not such data you can use some GIS software (ArcGIS, MapWindow, QGIS etc.) or, for example, SWAT agrohydrological model to create map of the your upstream basin territory, using digital elevation model data of this area.
If you have data on upstream area (in hectares - F, for example) you can use next relations.
1. I do not know which units you wrote about US or UK “gallons”, so below are formulas how to recalculate different units to litres.
A US capacity measure (for liquid) equal to 4 quarts or 3.785 liters. Note also there are different measures of US dry gallons and UK gallons.
L = US gal lqd / 0.26417
The imperial (UK) gallon is officially defined as 4.54609 litres.
L = UK gal / 0.21997
2. Runoff in layer units (per certain period of time, month or year, for example)
R = V/F, taking into account units (area (F) in hectares and volume in liters (L)
R= 10 * 0.001 * L / F, mm
Here,
10 – coefficient to transfer cubic meter per hectare to millimeters,
0.01 – transferring liters to cubic meters,
L – inflow in litres,
F – upstream basin area in hectares ( 1 hectare = 10000 square meters or 0.01 square kilometer).
I hope you will take into account that your inflow data presented at million gallons.
To recalculate volume discharge into layer units it is necessary to have basin area upstream to your inflow point(s).
I hope you have data on upstream area (in square miles or kilometers or hectares), because usually such data available from local organizations. If you have not such data you can use some GIS software (ArcGIS, MapWindow, QGIS etc.) or, for example, SWAT agrohydrological model to create map of the your upstream basin territory, using digital elevation model data of this area.
If you have data on upstream area (in hectares - F, for example) you can use next relations.
1. I do not know which units you wrote about US or UK “gallons”, so below are formulas how to recalculate different units to litres.
A US capacity measure (for liquid) equal to 4 quarts or 3.785 liters. Note also there are different measures of US dry gallons and UK gallons.
L = US gal lqd / 0.26417
The imperial (UK) gallon is officially defined as 4.54609 litres.
L = UK gal / 0.21997
2. Runoff in layer units (per certain period of time, month or year, for example)
R = V/F, taking into account units (area (F) in hectares and volume in liters (L)
R= 10 * 0.001 * L / F, mm
Here,
10 – coefficient to transfer cubic meter per hectare to millimeters,
0.01 – transferring liters to cubic meters,
L – inflow in litres,
F – upstream basin area in hectares ( 1 hectare = 10000 square meters or 0.01 square kilometer).
I hope you will take into account that your inflow data presented at million gallons.
Dear Muhammad, sorry I did mistake yesterday (put a wrong coefficient) at formula for runoff calculation in millimeters and Volume measured in cubic meters with Area measured in hectares.
10 cubic meters per hectare is equal 1 millimeter of layer, so first coefficient in last formula has to be 0.1 instead 10.
To avoid such mistake, which I did, it is recommended to use the same units for calculation, for example, cubic meters for volume and square meters for area. In this case layer will be received in meters too.
Rm = Vm / Fm, [m]
Here,
Vm – inflow, cubic meters;
Fm – upstream basin area in square meters.
After that you can calculate layer in necessary units (1 m = 1000 mm).
I hope you have time to correct my mistake.
If you don’t have basin area figure I can send you link to downloading necessary software to calculate it.