Abhishek,

Any of the heuristics can be designed to attempt to optimize a system. The trade-offs involve the complexity of the model being solved, the time needed to search for good solutions, and the ability of the heuristic to both intensify and diversify the search for a good solution.

Pete Bettinger

First, define an optimal solution. I would say that an optimal solution is one in which the price of land is equal across land use zone interiors (ceteris paribus). Second, develop a procedure by which the optimum can be achieved. I would say that this would require information on the elasticity of demand for land in the various zones as well as the existing prices. You might read the following for an introduction to the optimality condition: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265426821_The_Value_of_Zoning

Article The Value of Zoning