Hollomon and Swift flow stress models are popularly used to describe the true stress-true strain relationship in the strain-hardening range from yielding point(yield strength) to necking point(tensile strength), each of which are defined as follows:

Hollomon : σ=K(ε)n

Swift : σ=K(ε0+ε)n

Is epsilon(ε) here true total strain or true plastic strain?

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