Development assistance is already provided on a largel scale over long time periods by many industrialized countries. The question arises if the chosen methods and approaches were successful? And if not Why? The World Bank should built on the lessons learnt from related experiences and from my point of view should focus on projects that show how green economy can be implemented in the major living places (urban areas) and for feeding humankind (in agricultural areas) whereas these both sectors also represent the main arease where our economic activities cause pollution and also anthropogenic Greenhouse gas emissions.

Governments, industry and the civil society worldwide increasingly recognize that the linear model of economic growth as presently applied is unsustainable from an economic, environmental and social perspective and that they cannot build their future on a linear “take -make-dispose” model. Applying the principles of “Circularity” means to explore opportunities that promote closed material loops and resource efficiency across the entire value chain. This concept implies designing products for reuse, recovering as much as possible from resources while in use, using products as long as possible, remanufacturing products at the end of service life, and in essence avoiding waste generation in production and supply. We know now that only around 9% of the resources we use are part of cirularity, meaning resources loss, low resources efficiency and waste generation are major problems to be solved. The World Bank should chose presentable cases where models are established that show how we can etsablish sustainable and healthy economy in urban areas as samples to be followed by other countries. These cases should include the typical issues we face in developing countries such as high involvement of the informal sector, low environmental awareness, low infrastructural involvement, lack of funding etc. From my perspective it will be needed to demonstrate how the local level can be enabled and motivated to establish and operate daily economy and practices (e.g. transport and waste management, waste water collection and treatment, rainwater and flood water management). While environmentally sound waste management including recycling plays a central role to close the loop of product lifecycles, they need to be complemented with actions more upstream related to cut resource use (and producing more with less), to increase production efficiency and by reducing waste. If it comes to waste, espcially food waste, plastic and singel-use packaging as most visible impacts of linear economy need to be enhanced. An integrated, comprehensive approach is required, with the involvement of the whole supply chain, and supporting legislation that motivates to install circular product design, to enhance consumer behavior and to develop innovative and sustainable business models based on resource efficiency and circular economy approaches. Moving towards a circular economy is essential for all governments to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) amid growing scarcity of natural resources and growing urban- populations. The World Bank should support such projects that show how the Nationally Determined Countributions as formulated by the majority of nations with the Paris Agreement can effectivly and efficiently implemented by low income countries within the next decade.

The Global Waste Management Outlook (UNEP & ISWA, 2015) states that the potential impact of improved waste and resource management on reducing GHG emissions across a broad range of economic sectors could be 15-20%. This estimate does not consider all sources and climate impacts related to the waste sector, because other relevant GHG emissions such as black carbon are not included in the IPCC’s approach yet (GIZ, 2017).

References:

GIZ (2017):

NDC factsheet: Sectoral implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs): Circular Economy and Solid Waste Management. - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), Eschborn, Germany.

UNEP and ISWA. (2015):

Global Waste Management Outlook. page 270. Retrieved on August 27 2018 from https://www.unep.org/ietc/sites/unep.org.ietc/files/GWMO_summary_0.pdf

World Bank, Ecosys & Vivid Economics (2017):

State and Trends of Carbon Pricing. – Washington D.C., USA.

Podria contribuir, las buenas tenciones no alcanzan. Asi lo demuestra la realidad

Sustainable pro-ecological development is tautology.

Just as Sustainable Development is an oxymoron

Totalmente de acuerdo

Supongo que algo siempre se puede hacer. Tienen tecnicos de excelente nivel. Pero..... Hasta el presente no han dado resultados exitosos. Quizas el desarrollo local sea mejor paliativo al hambre, las guerras, etc. El mundo pasa por una crisis sin precedentes y es una crisis etica y moral. Ya lo decia Einstein no podemos resolver problemas pensando de la misma manera que cuando lo creamos.