Hello,

All sciences are driven by certain philosophies. Philosophical theories provide the researchers with crucial guiding principles by which they can enrich the quality of their studies. Since I am an applied linguist, I have to look up to the philosophical tendencies dominating my field. As such, one of the philosophies guiding applied linguistics in 21st century is critical thinking emphasizing language teachers' reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action. The scientists in the modern era are accountable to the stakeholders supporting them and reflective individuals can satisfy those expectations by constantly evaluating the essence of their professionalism utilizing the most appropriate theories and practices for actualizing the targeted outcomes.

Best regards,

R. Biria

The phonemes.

Generally I look for the potential of unfinished work in my major field and the opportunity of a neglected topic in my minor field.

Hello,

All sciences are driven by certain philosophies. Philosophical theories provide the researchers with crucial guiding principles by which they can enrich the quality of their studies. Since I am an applied linguist, I have to look up to the philosophical tendencies dominating my field. As such, one of the philosophies guiding applied linguistics in 21st century is critical thinking emphasizing language teachers' reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action. The scientists in the modern era are accountable to the stakeholders supporting them and reflective individuals can satisfy those expectations by constantly evaluating the essence of their professionalism utilizing the most appropriate theories and practices for actualizing the targeted outcomes.

Best regards,

R. Biria

Perhaps the most useful for me is the Popper's principle of hypothesis testing: Any science-based hypothesis can be testified, verified and disproved, which is in fact proof of its scientific nature.

In the Natural Sciences, The Philosophy and Method of Falsacionismo by Karl Popper

In the Social Sciences, The Philosophy and Method of Human Dialogic Communication and the Hermeneutics of Thedor Adorno and Jürgen Habermas.

The difference between imply and Implication Versus infer and inference. An implication is something that is already there, waiting to be recognised. An inference is the product of thought and reason, connecting one thing to another.

Also, I think, Karl Popper's writings about hypotheses, and hypothesis testing

I think that not only some special philosophical concepts but also philosophy in general is helpful in doing scientific research. Albert Einstein well explains this as follows:

"I fully agree with you about the significance and educational value of methodology as well as history and philosophy of science. So many people today - and even professional scientists - seem to me like somebody who has seen thousands of trees but has never seen a forest. A knowledge of the historic and philosophical background gives that kind of independence from prejudices of his generation from which most scientists are suffering. This independence created by philosophical insight is - in my opinion - the mark of distinction between a mere artisan or specialist and a real seeker after truth." ― Albert Einstein, Correspondence to Robert Thorton in 1944

Hi,

Epistemology, which studies the history, methods, principles of science has helped me a lot in scientific research.

with my best wishes

Dr. Adel OUESLATI

Philosophical concepts are very important for research.

To arswer why

To define why

To find why is why

To determine why

This philosophical concept I find most useful in my research

The logical and probabilistic structure of science.

Dennis

Dennis Mazur

Hello

I highly agree with Prof Reza Biria as approximately all sciences and have its philosophical base and in English language studies we usually find philosophical justification for most subjects.

Liqaa

The philosophical concept of all sciences is determined by the provision of cognitive mechanisms and methodology to form the mind, and enable it to solve all the problems and obstacles encountered, and then remove the obstacles that hinder the process of scientific research. The application of this concept may be unclear in engineering science research, but through a close and accurate look at the equations, hypotheses, and proofs, we will all find its reliance on the philosophical concept of the research problem.

I would say , showing due diligence from base concepts to reality (in terms of experiments and results) .

I am always transparent , never lie nor hide .

I despise nonsensical inclusions (be it paper citations or numbers)

Undoubtedly, the philosophical concept that has helped me the most in my research has been David Hume's "autonomous thinking". I believe that this author breaks with the scholastic model of learning and exposes the importance of being critical of knowledge. I believe that this idea is then very much present in later authors such as Nietzche when it comes to describing the Super-human. The super-human "discards all that is imposed on him, in this case, by Christian teachings" and Nietzsche proposes that it is man himself who develops his capacity for thought. It is a trend that, in theoretical terms, is also shared by authors of critical pedagogy such as Paulo Freire, Paul Giroux, Michael Apple, Peter Mclaren and many other contemporary authors.

I believe that autonomous thinking, the ability to be critical, to question what is established and to look at research with that prism has helped me a lot in understanding and better understanding my research.

I do prefer "logics", under one proviso that it be not taken in the classical sense, but in reference to non-classicla logics. NCLs are extremely helpfuyl to me.

Simple just by following three words:

What? ... Why? ... How? ...... Conclusions and recommendations.

Regards, Emad

The research is supposed to be oriented based on the needs of the society, particularly in the context of third world. The philosophy of solving the problem of the society will increase the respect of research to the people. Regards

Asit, who are some philosophers that specialize in solving third-world social problems? I would be very interested in their research because of its implications for social justice.

Dear Dr. Krik,

There are lot of problems related to the basic needs of the society. For instance, drinking water, proper sanitary systems, energy (electricity), pollution free residential areas (towns or modern villages), treatment of waste water and recycling - These problems invite research for cost effective solutions. I feel that the first priority for funding research should be given to solve the societal problems.

Regards