I think justice is a human thing and not a natural phenomenon. My reason is that it is not there in other animals. I nature, in the wild, the mightiest rules. All females belong to him, all the meat from a kill belongs to him even if he has not killed it
The concept of justice is associated with the idea of what is "right" (latin root "ius"). What is right for some people might not be right for others, thus there are as many "justices" as groups of people sharing similar ideas about that. In order to establish what is right or not, and associated punishments for the later case there must be memory. Therefore it would be incorrect to associate justice with entities without long-term memory. The only possibility then for "a justice" indepedent of humans would be one such thing associated with a putative "God", in case you are a believer. So this question is almost similar to that of if you believe or not in a God. Best regards.
Justice SHOULD be independent but in actual fact it is not. The influence of power, money, gender, culture and religion on justice is easily notice in the society.
The general concept of justice is a human structure and perception that focuses on balancing all members of society in terms of rights. This perception governs systems and laws that cooperate in putting more than one person in a freeway without any control or intervention.
While justice is an expectation of all tangible intelligent life forms (no or limited data exists on divine etc forms) ,dominated or monopolized lately by humans. Times will be interesting when AI comes into equation.
Yes, justice is a human concept but is also applied to how the nature of a thing is expressed. Plato in his work "The Republic" sees social justice revealed in the expression or truth manifest through the three levels of his society. Freud borrowed the same tripartite idea with Id, Ego, Superego to see individual justice revealed in the expression of man's thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Both examples are therefore instatiations of justice. When Michaelangelo brings forth his image of David from stone could that also be considered just?