Pressure, temperature, moisture, solvent, pH, dissolved polymer structure, solid polymer structure newly formed, mechanical parts, alignment, operator, Surely this will not entirely help but always will need adjustments.
Precipitation rate of phase inversion process is one of the strongest effects, which can be controlled by adjusting composition, temperature, humidity, etc.
Hi it is very lab dependant. Concertration of your solvants certainly plays a big part, also the pH, humidity provide the best reaction condition.
Notice that the thickness of your membrane is not that important, because you will look at the pore sizes of your membrane via a microscope or a SEM, or test the transmissivity of your made material. Thickness gives you little information in term of practical applications.
Lab work is a sense of experience, sometimes is similar to cook desserts. Just be concerntrated and give several parameters a parallal experiment comparison, you will soon discovery a best practise at your lab.
Any parameter that affects the precipitation rate of phase inversion process is effective in the final thickness of membrane. These parameters are interaction between polymer/solvent/non-solvent, coagulation bath temperature, viscosity of casting solution, shear rate of casting, etc.
As per my knowledge overall there are 25 different parameters which can affect the thickness of polymer membranes. Some of them are, base polymer, polymer concentration, solvent-non-solvent pair, Temperature, casting thickness, additives,evaporation time etc.
For more information refer to book on Membrane technology by Marcel Mulder.