Exceeding the existing flow rate of the available road capacity. Shifting the time of the start (end) of enterprises is one way to “smooth out” the peak of traffic and thereby reduce congestion.

Wrong side driving

Lack of route options and lack of capacity of existing route to get to Location B from Location A is the main reason. There are many ways to address traffic congestion such as Singapore and London Metro where congestion charges should be paid by drivers. This is one way of discouraging vehicular traffic. The other way is to increase train capacity and frequency so that people will make a choice. Work from home/nearby work centre and pedestrian and bike bridges and routes will also resolve this traffic congestion issue. Allow school traffic to start late and allow work traffic to start early or other way round is also an option.

When Public Transport

A polycentric city structure with monofunctional specialised areas (residence, industry, business, education, health) is the root cause for car usage and therefore traffic congestion in cities. This can be mitigated by public transport as it is more efficient in the use of space and energy.

Many reasons for the congestion problems, varies from place to place. Some of which may be:

- Much greater use of private mode of transportation

- Heterogeneous or mixed traffic conditions and lack of proper management

- Free parking is one of the most influential for higher use of private vehicles

- People do not follow traffic rules properly

- Lack of effective management authority as well as traffic and transportation policies

- Same working time for all (stratified working time -for whom going work in Industrial areas leading same route for most of the workers- may reduce traffic load at a given time)

- No or less attention towards Transit oriented development (TOD)

- Poor implementation and management of public transport system (accessibility, mobility and travel time reliability factors)

- Little awareness about environment impacts to laypeople and, transportation and health issues

It exists two type of congestion, recurring and non recurring. this problem is due to the several causes :

1- Traffic demand exceeds roadway capacity and Non- optimal traffic lights control;

2- Public transport no performance and less attractive because of its bad service quality;

3- Drivers behavior especially at intersections (for exemple dangerous maneuver of changing lane, violence, bad driving..);

4- lack of Parking area in the most attractive area ( important commercial or administrative area);

5- Poor infrastructure and environment like weather or the nature of pavement;

6- incidents like accident, work zones, special events, and emergencies;

7- Mechanical problem, like a sudden vehicle breakdown, can create traffic Jam in one way road.

Thank you everyone for your insights!

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