Actually there are several issues with your question which you should consider first before looking for a generalized picture. First, what kind of cluster definition you refer to. Porter style, political use of the term, self declared industrial or R&D systems. Second, what do you define as sustainable energy development? Based on these questions and your categorization of sustainable energy/clusters you will receive a wide variety of answers. Finally you might also think which aspect of energy development you refer to, production of the technology, R&D of innovative technology, local implementation (e.g. windparks, bioenergy CHPs,...) or the political aspects that affect sustainable energy development. In any case I would recommend you to be aware of all these differences before trying to come to an overall assumption on some general effects of clusters. While politicians and planners love to employ the cluster (Porterian style) notion as one of the core pathways to drive innovation systems in sustainable energy development or elsewhere, this largely contains a large mismatch between the rhetoric and the actual role or processes of such clusters. Not sure if you were hoping for such answer but this is my take on the issue based on my past research experience with clusters/regional renewable energy/bioeconomy development.

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Thank you so much Moritz Albrecht Raj Vardhan Patel Mykhailo Illich Fyk for your responses.

Clusters will give scale for creating the necessary energy evacuation infrastructure.