Please explain the proper modification method of the electrode on paper using the screen printing technique. Another question is: when we properly modify the electrodes (RE, CE, & WE) on paper or any other substrate, then how do we use electrolytic solution on that chip? Because, we need an electrolytic solution to analyse the analyte.
Screen printing offers a versatile and cost-effective way to fabricate and modify electrodes.
The main approaches for modifying screen-printed electrodes (SPEs):
Electrochemical Deposition: This method involves using an electrochemical cell to deposit a thin film of the modifying material onto the pre-printed electrode. This offers precise control over the morphology and thickness of the deposited layer. Common materials for deposition include:
Metals like gold, platinum, or copper for improved conductivity and electrocatalytic activity.
Metal oxides for specific sensing applications.
Drop Casting: This is a simpler approach where a pre-synthesized solution containing the modifying agent (usually nanoparticles) is directly dropped onto the printed electrode surface. The solvent then evaporates, leaving the modifier behind. While easier to implement, drop casting offers less control over the modifier distribution compared to other methods.
Applications:
Screen-printed electrodes with various modifications find applications in diverse fields, including:
Electrochemical Sensors: By incorporating specific enzymes or nanoparticles, SPEs can be designed to detect various analytes like glucose, heavy metals, or pollutants in environmental samples.
Energy Storage: Modified SPEs can be used as electrodes in supercapacitors or batteries due to their ability to store and release charge efficiently.
Bioassays: Enzyme-modified SPEs can be used for rapid and cost-effective detection of biomolecules like proteins or DNA.
Corrosion Studies: Modified SPEs can be employed to study the corrosion behavior of different materials.
Lab-on-a-Chip Devices: Due to their miniaturization and ease of production, SPEs are suitable for creating integrated microfluidic devices for on-site analysis.
If you are ever looking to manufacture I would say Monika's comment on drop casting is best - I don't check researchgate much you can find me here - https://www.zimmerpeacocktech.com/contact-support/
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