I am discussing issues around fisheries management in Mozambique, in a manuscript and would like to put these issues into context by providing some basic information on the economic status of the country as a whole (and thus of its poorest communities).The UN Development Programme's Human Development Index is one possible way to do this, but are there others that are more relevant or politically correct?
In recent years the UN also publishes a "Multidimensional Poverty Index". See http://hdr.undp.org/en/data
Official poverty index from the World Bank is another possibility. Select the country from:
http://data.worldbank.org/topic/poverty
In any case, most depends on which kind of poverty you need to measure and if you are interested in some comparisons between Mozambique and other countries in the same area or in different areas.
Everything depends on the information available.
The aggregate indicator is the GDP / population (per capita)
The IDH is good, but like the previous is highly aggregated data.
If you have information about the income you can build income poverty lines
You could measure Poverty by income with LP method using The H index (%): poor population /Total population, also is posible do it by mean de Sen (1976) P index; the FGT index (Foster Grear and Thoerbeck, 1984); but using the multidimensional method de Alkire and Foster (2003 and 2008), that consider income, food, scholarship, health, home spending, transport too. Both method Lp and multidimensional are used by World Bank to measure world poverty. I hope help you. Mario
I have also seen the Gini coefficient used when discussing economic inequality, and could help to contextualize poverty (http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/income-gini-coefficient)
The common index used for discuss the economic status of the country regarding the poverty level are the Headcount, the Gini index and the HDI.
It could also help reviewing the following website:
http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/poverty.shtml
Millenium Development Goals and Beyond 2015
The better index to measure poverty requiere it weight 3 i´es: incidence, intensity and inequality among poors. FGT Index is recomended
There are many poverty indices. In some countries it is below certain threshold ($/month), in others it is below certain fraction of average income (for example, below 50%). For African countries it may be useful to consider GDP per capita in PPP; such data for Mozambique are provided here: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mz.html . This source tells that GDP/cap. in PPP in Mozambique is $1200 per year (just $100 per month, and in nominal value is even less). 52% live below the poverty line. Gini is about 46 (relatively high income inequality).
World Bank also provides PPP data. Here are shares of people living below $2 per day in PPP (but no data for Mozambique): http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.2DAY
More data interesting for you are provided by UNICEF: http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/mozambique_statistics.html . Here you can find that in Mozambique in 2012 average nominal income was $510 (compare with $1020 in PPP). 59.6% were living below poverty line defined as $1.25 per day in 2011.
Given economic growth of about 7% in 2012-2014, this can be consistent with the estimate of 52% below poverty line from the source above.
Dear Ruth, it necesary firstly to be clear class of kind index poverty measurment is required, absolut o relative. Developing country is most important absolute considerating Martin Ravallion and World Bank treshold 1.25 american dollars personal per day, because it is enough to buy food market prices for intake minimun nutriotional requirements; nevertheless OCDE takes a count income 50 % below per capita income as poverty criteria, because OCDE population enjoy food security. Poverty index is gotten by mean povery line method de Sen. This one have been used to mesure poverty in world for evaluating United Nation millenium goal 2015 to reduce poverty to half recorded 2000. Obviously income per capita indicator is very important. There is another method: Multidimensional Poverty belong Sabina Alkire y Foster. It considerate several indicators join income, such as education level, health, housing. I hope help you work. Mario
Since poverty as a multidimensional concept is now widely accepted, conventional uni-dimensional measure of poverty based on income alone is not sufficient to judge the depth of poverty. Knowing not just who is poor ( headcount), but how and why they are poor ( intensity of deprivation) is essential for effective poverty reduction programs and policies - hence the rationale of MPI as a new poverty assessment tool. Since the MPI ( introduced by UNDP since 2010) rooted in three dimensions and 10 underlying indicators is largely driven by the availability of single national survey data for international comparison, there are scope to customize the global MPI methodology ( both dimension and indicators) according to the specific needs and priority of country in order to capture the real depth and driver of poverty.
The most appropriate is the Human index of poverty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Poverty_Index
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