Sintering is a heat treatment perform on green body ceramic scaffolds in order to give some strength. Does it have any effects on cell (especially hMSCs)-material interactions?
As I know, higher sintering process will enhance the mechanical strength. It will also involve porosity reduction due to densification. Depending on what materials that you use.
i agree with Ng Hoa. sintering increases the mechanical property of the material as well as reduction in its porosity due to this interaction and proliferation inside the scaffolds gets restricted. in order to maintain porosity in the scaffold you can use surfactants (like PVP, SDS, CTAB or any polymers) so that on sintering it get degraded and provide porous nature to the scaffold.
hi, Arun, any journals sharing about the surfactants? Maybe Yanny and I can understand more.
You have in the literature some very good reviews about sintering of bioglass/ceramics materials. The sintering process will affect not only the porosity size distribuition and morfology but also the surface morfology (roughness), very important characteristics in the interaction with cells.
Sintering on some materials such as hydroxyapatite changes their surface chemistry. In HA, hydroxyl group is a preferable site for protein adsorption which is initial stage of cell attachment. However, after sintering the amount of free hydroxyl group decreases and therefore decreases cell attachment.
On the other hand, sintering coarsens microstructure of scaffold and hence decreases cell interaction due to the lower surface energy.
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