I wonder what the difference between explanation and argumentation are, as I read the research paper of Osborne and Patterson (2011), but still I could not make clear the difference between them.
The question is very interesting and complex.
The purpose of argument is to defend and sustain an idea from a certain point of view in order to convince others to accept it.
It is argued to express an opinion or point of view, providing the reasons that support it.
The argument is "a certain way of speaking or writing with intent to justify having a statement as true" (Gómez Posada, 2006. P. 11).
An argument is goog when provide complete and sufficient information; emits true statements and substantiated; enables interaction, and shows clarity and brevity.
Sampson and Clark (2008) identified three components of the argument: structure or complexity, content, and nature of justification.
Gómez Posada J. A. (2006). Discurso argumentativo y auditorio. Co-herencia. Revista de Humanidades, 3, (4): 9-33.
Sampson V. y Clark, D. B. (2008). Assessment of the ways students generate arguments in science education: current perspectives and recommendations for future directions. Science Education, 92 (3), 447-472.
Explain is to express a concept, a feeling, a phenomenon, an event, clearly and detailed to make it understandable.
The method of discussion is student exchange in order to reflect, in groups and in a cooperative way to understand a fact and drawing conclusions.
Hi,
To me debate seeks winners and losers, while dialogue is about seeking common solutions to the benefit of all or most.
Discussion or conversation are just that. However they can easily slip into one or the other of debate or dialogue. :-)
Dr Tracy
In the context of education I would argue discussion is used most often. For example in English classes when reading a book the setting is talked about, who are the characters, what do you think is going to happen? All of these are indicators of discussion. Sameic Social Studies and History when questions are phrased as such: what do you think, what might of caused, how come, in your opinion (although this could also be arguementition). Therefore discussion is is like brainstorming, no "end result" or agreement is necessary. One of the big tip offs to a discussion is when the instructer says, there is no right or wrong answer here,when you hear that its discussion.
Explanation is baasicly casual. The reason that the ship sank is because it was hit by a torpedo is explination. Explanation also comes in the form of answers such as; Why does, Why is, Whats Happening, How does, How come, Is it necessary, ect. Example, How come light splits into colors when it passes through a prism? Because.... is an explanation.
However, arguement is much differant. Arguement is an act of persuasion. To move someone's political views from X to Y To change someone's mind regarding issues, and also to enlighten others to differing perspectives. Arguementation does not necessarly mean the drawing of consencus. For example Jimm argues that baseball is Americas sport, while John argues football is, both are arguements but no change of mind has happened.
Arguements are in science and in a semse a hypothisis is an arguement. For example I believe phenomina G is due to XYZ is an arguement in the making. The next step of course is to fill in the necessary evedence.
Arguements in English are the thesis statements. For example, In this article I will draw on John Does work to articulate how an object in motion stays in motion unless.....
Hence discussion is just that a sharing of ideas or perspectives with no intented outcome. Explanation is a discription of a cause of something and argumentation is (in the vast majority of the time) persuasive in nature. It is also discription is some cases as the answer to how I came to such and such a conclusion, or articulating why such ideologies exist ect.
I hope this helps
Douglasd
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