What is an outlier or out group in phylogenetic analysis. I am constructing a phylogenetic tree of Leishmania parasite, for which I need to choose an outlier. How can I do that?
The outgroup is a member of a closely related taxon to that you are analysing in your study. The basic idea is that outgroup and your data must share a common ancestor, that´s necessary in order to create a rooted tree with a phylogenetic signal (the relationships of ancestor-descendant of all the entities represented in the leaves of the tree). You must be careful with the election of the outgroup because an outgroup too close is useless and one too far will alter the obtained results. A good outgroup must separate clearly in an independent branch on the first node of the tree.
Probably you will need to try some tests with different options until you find the correct, good luck!
an outlier is a taxon how have a distant phylogenetic relation with the group of taxon studied, it's an outgroup used in general to verifi the result of the studies. The outgroup it's chosen when we have a good information concerning any relation between its and the oder taxon used in a studie.