A falsely increased LDH activity due to underfilled tubes causes misinterpretation of test results, leading to incorrect diagnoses or unnecessary additional testing. It may be mistakenly read as tissue damage or disease progression such as pulmonary embolism, hepatitis, or cancer progression. It may also affect the assessment of disease severity and treatment efficacy. For instance, LDH is used as a non-seminomatous testicular cancer marker, and it may assess the response of treatment for acute myocardial infarction or liver injury (Farhana and Lappin, 2023).

Underfilled vacuum blood collection tubes can cause elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, which might impact patient diagnosis and treatment choices. Inaccurate laboratory results can occur from this phenomenon. Research according to Neuwinger (October 2019), showed that underfilling vacuum blood collection tubes can in fact raise the levels of lactate dehydrogenase activity in serum and heparin plasma samples in their study "Underfilling of Vacuum Blood Collection Tubes Leads to Increased Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity in Serum and Heparin Plasma Samples". This observation implies that falsely high LDH values may occur from underfilling if it is not appropriately addressed and accounted for during sample collecting and processing. Falsely increased LDH levels have the potential to cause needless extra testing, treatments, or patient interventions in the clinical setting. Decisions about patient care, such as therapy selection and tracking the course of the illness or the patient's response to treatment, may also be impacted by incorrect interpretation of LDH results. Thus, in order to reduce the possibility of inaccurate LDH measurements, clinical laboratories must strictly follow the correct sample-collecting methods, which include making sure vacuum blood collection tubes are filled adequately. Healthcare professionals should also understand how underfilling may affect test findings and how to evaluate LDH levels in relation to clinical presentation and other diagnostic data.