During flood, the people are shifted to Relief Camps on high lands, which are also also normally surrounded by flood water and the digging of pit latrine (temporary option) is very difficult due to less unsubmerged areas and high subsoil water level.
Also. the accessibility of existing options for the people living in higher floors (in case of multistoried RCC buildings) becomes an issue.
In such situation, what could be the best technological option to address the issue?
On the National Forest, we had a few pit toilets in the floodplain. The pit toilets had lids that could be sealed if flooding was expected, and pumped out prior to flooding if appropriate. The forest recreation was closed during flooding.
For many activities or construction in remote areas, porta-pottys are often used to accommodate crowds. These are chemical toilets that can be moved from site to site, and pumped out or cleaned up as needed. I don’t know the number of people to toilet ratio. We have septic companies that can be contracted to supply toilets, pump out, clean them, etc. The toilets are basically rented for the period of use, and servicing and costs are based on frequency.
Digging a latrine and using it in a floodplain not a recommendation and avoidance best, and move to higher ground.
A review of sanitation technologies for flood-prone areas
https://iwaponline.com/washdev/article/10/3/397/75339/A-review-of-sanitation-technologies-for-flood
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