This is rather a complex matter to address, since it has various influencers, including:

• Scientific: for all energy resources, scientific research should address efficacy of the resource (output vs. input)
• Technological: should the science be well understood, is there an engineering and technological advancement that can commercialize and deliver it to public?
• Socio-economical: is there a capacity, nationally or globally, to develop these techniques to increase efficiency and reduce consumption?
• Geopolitical: can the world really separate energy from politics in order to address the issues raised repeatedly about energy poverty, of which energy consumption may not be reduced but more equitably distributed.

Hope this helps.

Dr Najib Abusalbi thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Move any furniture blocking vents to be sure air is flowing efficiently. Charge your laptop and cell phone before 3 p.m. or after 9 p.m. Hang dry your clothes instead of using your dryer. Unplug energy vampires when not in use, such as televisions, game consoles, and standby coffee makers. Keep your lights off to the extent safely possible, including exterior lights that may be on a timer. Set your thermostat to 78 degrees or higher, health permitting, and turn your air conditioner off when not at home. Move any furniture blocking vents to be sure air is flowing efficiently. Energy conservation refers to efforts taken to reduce energy consumption in order to preserve resources for the future use and to reduce environmental pollution. A step-by-step approach to energy management planning that encourages organizations to: Assess, Prioritize, Plan, Execute, and Maintain (APPEM) energy management initiatives will yield the most optimal results. Energy models can be classified into three groups: descriptive, normative, and futuristic forecasting. Energy planning is often conducted using integrated approaches that consider both the provision of energy supplies and the role of energy efficiency in reducing demands.

what you described falls into the category of “behavioral changes”, which individual consumers can and must do, within their means, as a contribution to reducing energy consumption. These can and should be encouraged whether we (collectively) advance energy production or not.

Dr Najib Abusalbi thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Saving energy helps the environment because most power sources produce pollution or greenhouse gases when burned. The less energy you use, the less pollution there will be in the air and water, harming our planet and its inhabitants. When it comes to saving the environment, your daily decisions may feel insignificant. Energy efficiency is good for you and for the air you breathe, the water you drink, and the community in which you live. Saving energy reduces air and water pollution and conserves natural resources, which in turn creates a healthier living environment for people everywhere. Dryers and refrigerators are two of the most energy-intensive appliances in a home and replacing these with better efficient models can cut the electricity usage by half, thereby reducing your electricity bills. Installing heat pumps is another idea to reduce electricity consumption.People can do simple things to decrease energy consumption. Conserve Energy: Energy consumption can be reduced by simply turning off lights when a room is not in use, replacing light bulbs with longer-lasting fluorescent bulbs, and only running air conditioning when a home is occupied. (i) Conversion into efficient forms like CNG. (ii) Protection of resources from fires. (iii) Avoid wastage of oil. (iv) Make more use of renewable source of energy like using solar energy, wind mills to generate electricity. Burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas results in carbon pollution, which causes climate change. So if we want to stop climate change (and avoid devastating extreme weather, sea level rise wiping out communities, global conflict and instability, etc.), we have to stop burning fossil fuels. We understand today that humanity's use of fossil fuels is severely damaging our environment. Fossil fuels cause local pollution where they are produced and used, and their ongoing use is causing lasting harm to the climate of our entire planet. We need electricity for everything that we do, so we must try to save it as much as possible. Electricity is derived from coal and other natural resources extracted from the earth, so we can save the earth by saving electricity. Electricity is also harnessed from water, which is a crucial natural resource. Despite its enormous benefits, non-renewable resources, fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas have been exploited sufficiently due to many reasons. Our environment is getting affected severely by harmful and toxic gasses due to the combustion of fuel. This is causing depletion of the ozone layer and global warming. A step-by-step approach to energy management planning that encourages organizations to: Assess, Prioritize, Plan, Execute, and Maintain (APPEM) energy management initiatives will yield the most optimal results. Energy models can be classified into three groups: descriptive, normative, and futuristic forecasting. Energy planning is often conducted using integrated approaches that consider both the provision of energy supplies and the role of energy efficiency in reducing demands. Energy management is the proactive and systematic monitoring, control and optimization of an organization's energy consumption to conserve use and decrease energy costs. Energy management includes minor actions such as monitoring monthly energy bills and upgrading to energy-saving light bulbs.

Reducing energy consumption involves a multi-faceted approach implemented at various stages of energy management planning. Firstly, individuals and organizations can adopt energy-efficient technologies such as LED lighting, smart thermostats, and appliances with high energy ratings. Proper insulation and sealing gaps in buildings prevent energy loss, and the installation of renewable energy sources like solar panels further decreases reliance on conventional power grids. Conducting regular energy audits and implementing occupancy sensors also play pivotal roles in identifying inefficiencies and ensuring lights and appliances are used only when necessary. Moreover, educating stakeholders about energy-saving practices fosters a culture of awareness and active participation. These strategies, when integrated during the assessment, planning, and implementation phases of energy management, significantly reduce energy consumption, leading to both environmental sustainability and cost savings.

In the phases of energy management planning, a systematic approach is crucial. Assessment involves understanding current energy consumption patterns, while goal setting establishes clear, measurable targets. Planning delineates strategies and technologies, guiding the implementation phase where changes are put into action. Monitoring energy usage in real-time provides invaluable data for analysis, enabling organizations to make informed decisions. Through continuous analysis, optimization, and regular maintenance, energy management practices are fine-tuned. Reporting mechanisms ensure stakeholders are informed about progress, challenges, and future strategies. Ultimately, fostering a culture of continuous improvement ensures that energy management strategies remain adaptive, efficient, and aligned with sustainable goals, creating a lasting impact on both energy consumption and environmental preservation.

Dr Abdelsalam Aldawoud thank you for your contribution to the discussion

SCM also minimizes delays and allows full traceability and visibility into the movements of goods from the supplier to the customer. SCM enables working strategies that can accelerate time-to-market and optimize business speed, while ensuring high level of product quality. A step-by-step approach to energy management planning that encourages organizations to: Assess, Prioritize, Plan, Execute, and Maintain (APPEM) energy management initiatives will yield the most optimal results to assess the current state of energy use. Energy Audit is conducted to determine ways to reduce energy consumption per unit of product output and/or to lower operating costs for facilities. The audit consists of three phases which namely the Pre Audit Phase, Audit Phase and Post Audit Phase. Supply chain planning is the process of planning a product from raw material to the consumer. It includes supply planning, production planning, demand planning, and sales and operations planning. Supply planning determines how best to fulfill the requirements created from the demand plan. They are context analysis, risk identification, risk evaluation, strategy selection for risk treatment, strategy implementation, control, and monitoring. By measuring supply chain performance, a business can identify areas where they need to improve their processes and operations. This can help them to make adjustments that will increase efficiency, reduce costs, and improve customer satisfaction. Increased supply chain productivity is achieved through a top down approach everything rises and falls on leadership. Leaders must practice effective communication, create procedure standards, determine a hierarchy of importance, empower the workforce, and enact a powerful training program. Supply chain efficiency focuses on delivering quality products to customers at the lowest possible cost by maximizing such resources as materials and labor. Supply chain responsiveness focuses on customers' expectations and strives to provide a quality product faster. There can be tension between the two goals. Supply chain measurement ensures control over organizational behaviors thereby saving the firm from revenue loss and poor long term growth. Therefore, if you want to keep your company in track, it is vital to implement the primary strategies for measuring supply chain performance. All organizations, irrespective of their position within the chain, must ensure to deal with both demand and supply issues. When supply of raw materials is consistent and supplied as at when needed, this will have a positive effect in the effectiveness of the productivity level of every organization.

KPI implementation: You can develop KPIs for Energy consumption with respect to production and track this every month then you can determine the loophole in which area you spend more energy.

Internal Audit: Prepare an Energy template and do an internal audit every 6 months.

Using Smart Meters: Connect machines with smart meters which can provide you with energy consumption data based on this holistic data you can prepare benchmarking values for energy consumption, Use Power BI, etc to visualize these values and plan for reduction.

Use Sensors: It can detect any leakage in the energy system.

Use ML and AI: Prepare an Energy model using ML and AI, it can provide you with future energy consumption based on holistic data, and Then you can think about optimization.

Dr Ashish Kumar thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Reducing energy consumption involves various strategies such as using energy-efficient appliances, proper insulation, sealing leaks, and adopting renewable energy sources like solar panels. Implementing smart technologies like programmable thermostats and occupancy sensors, maximizing natural lighting, and promoting energy-saving behaviors among occupants are also essential. Additionally, conducting energy audits and benchmarking energy usage help identify inefficiencies and set realistic reduction goals. In the planning phase, clear objectives and an actionable energy management plan are developed, alongside budget allocation. The implementation phase focuses on training staff, integrating efficient technologies, and monitoring consumption patterns. Continuous monitoring and analysis ensure adjustments are made, and stakeholders' feedback is considered. Regular audits and documentation provide insights for improvement. The optimization phase emphasizes ongoing improvements, exploring innovations, and recognizing contributions, fostering a culture of sustained energy efficiency. Through these measures and meticulous energy management planning, significant reductions in energy consumption can be achieved, leading to environmental conservation and cost savings.

Dr Murtadha Shukur thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Slow down or turn off any unneeded fans. Slowing a fan down by only 10% can result in 25% energy savings. Focus on reducing scrap and rework. Hot water heaters that are rarely used can often be turned down or wrapped with additional insulation to increase their efficiency. Dryers and refrigerators are two of the most energy-intensive appliances in a home and replacing these with better efficient models can cut the electricity usage by half, thereby reducing your electricity bills. Installing heat pumps is another idea to reduce electricity consumption.Take advantage of no-to-low cost energy-saving tips if you are on a budget or rent, such as adjusting thermostats and turning off lights when space is unoccupied, unplugging electronics when not in use, using ENERGY STAR LED light bulbs, adjusting window shades to reduce heating and cooling requirements. We can do this through simple changes in behavior and habits to consume less energy in our daily activities. We can also save energy by investing in more energy efficient products that reduce both our energy bills and our environmental footprint. The very first stage of any energy management plan understands where you are your assets, utilization, and how much it costs,” said Parkinson. Key steps for conducting an energy assessment include: Gathering and tracking data on energy use and costs over time and establishing the baseline for measuring progress. Energy production, energy transmission, and energy use are the three main parts of energy management.