Most of the literature looks at the impact on the health of the worker themselves but this AHRQ summary at this link addresses impact on patient safety

https://psnet.ahrq.gov/perspectives/perspective/190/burnout-among-health-professionals-and-its-effect-on-patient-safety

This article also addresses impact on caring behaviors

Article The impact of occupational stress on nurses' caring behavior...

Article Associations Between Sleep Quality and Nursing Productivity ...

Critical care is known for its stressful environment for patients as well as for care providers, which in turn leads to patient safety issues, including preventable medical errors such as wrong-site surgeries, objects left in the body during surgery, drug overdoses errors and other adverse events. Among the leading reasons for adverse events/medical errors is over-scheduling and related stress.

In Quality Management and Patient Safety Health care services there is very less Impact of work Stress in health care sector. The Staff Management is calculated and provided according to International standards such as JCI USA Standards or Local Health Accredition Agencies in each Country. If there are problems to be resolved they would be resolved in limited times According to JCI Standards. If there is So much work related Stress then infact that Health care provider is abusing his staff which would eventually lead to poor health care sevices. Regards

Following

Work stress has been identified as a risk factor for hypertension, diabetes, upper extremity musculoskeletal problems, back problems and cardiovascular disease.

High demands and low decision control have predicted heart disease in white collar workers (Kuper & Marmot, 2003).Job strain has been shown to increase blood pressure in men of low SES (Landsbergis, Schnall, Pickering, Warren, & Schwartz, 2003).Exposure to cumulative job strain in white collar workers revealed modest increases in systolic blood pressure (Guimont et al., 2006).Fatigue and sleep deprivation are correlated to mandatory and voluntary overtime and are also associated with work-related accidents in blue collar workers (Barger et al., 2005; Cochrane, 2001).Smoking prevalence among blue collar workers is double that of white collar workers. This difference may be explained by the additional psychological stressors low income brings (Barbeau, Krieger, & Soobader, 2004; Sorensen, Barbeau, Hunt, & Emmons, 2004).Male infertility has been associated with job burnout for persons working in industry and construction (Sheiner, Sheiner, Carel, Potashnik, & Shoham-Vardi, 2002).

There is an extensive literature on stress/burnout and quality of care. If you go to the PubMed website, it is very easy to find this literature. The article recommended by Dr. Mccallion is a good start. I'm attaching another.