In fact vehicle emissions, fuel oils and natural gas to heat homes, by-products of manufacturing and power generation, particularly coal-fueled power plants, and fumes from chemical production are the primary sources of human-made air pollution. Acid precipitation can alter the chemistry of the soil, which, in turn, can affect plant growth and water quality in a number of ways. As soils become more acidic, their ability to retain many essential nutrients, minerals and elements, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K), decreases. From rainfall patterns to monsoon intensities, air pollution can significantly affect the water cycle. Particulate matter can reduce the amount of solar radiation that reaches the earth's surface, affecting the rate at which water evaporates and moves into the atmosphere. Pollutants such as sulfur can lead to excess levels of acid in lakes and streams, and damage trees and forest soils; atmospheric nitrogen can reduce the biodiversity of plant communities and harm fish and other aquatic life

Air pollution is the change in the quality of the air deviating from the natural composition (surpassing the permissible limit), affecting living and nonliving components (air, water, soil, monuments, materials, aesthetic value, etc.) of the environment. The concentration of a pollutant in the air depends on the source and sink capacity. Since natural sources have their corresponding sinks and are more or less uniformly distributed in the environment, the flip-flop in the pollutant balance is attributed primarily to anthropogenic sources. Anthropogenic sources are many, but the major is the combustion of fossil fuels. Once released, air pollutants (both primary and secondary) at a higher concentration under different meteorological conditions can lead to various health and environmental issues – smog (reducing and oxidizing), acid deposition, altering radiative forcing, etc.

Eutrophication, the process of accumulation of nutrients, including nitrogen, in water bodies, often results from air pollution. Nutrient overloads in aquatic ecosystems can cause algae blooms and ultimately a loss of oxygen, and of life. As ecosystems are impacted, so is the biological diversity. The significant causes of soil pollution are over-irrigation, usage of pesticides, dumping of sewage and garbage, deforestation and mining. The most common soil pollutants are heavy metals like lead and mercury, pesticide compounds, salt and mineral ores. Pollutants such as sulfur can lead to excess levels of acid in lakes and streams, and damage trees and forest soils; atmospheric nitrogen can reduce the biodiversity of plant communities and harm fish and other aquatic life. Pollution, including from hazardous wastes and chemicals, is widely accepted as one of the main drivers of biodiversity loss. Meanwhile, the production, use and trade of chemicals is growing in all regions of the world, driven by global megatrends such as population and increasing consumption patterns. Soil pollution causes a chain reaction. It alters soils' biodiversity, reduces soil organic matter and soils' capacity to act as a filter. It also contaminates the water stored in the soil and groundwater, and causes an imbalance of soil nutrients. Soil pollution causes a chain reaction. It alters soils' biodiversity, reduces soil organic matter and soils' capacity to act as a filter. It also contaminates the water stored in the soil and groundwater, and causes an imbalance of soil nutrients. Vehicle emissions, fuel oils and natural gas to heat homes, by-products of manufacturing and power generation, particularly coal-fueled power plants, and fumes from chemical production are the primary sources of human-made air pollution.Air pollution is caused by solid and liquid particles and certain gases that are suspended in the air. These particles and gases can come from car and truck exhaust, factories, dust, pollen, mold spores, volcanoes and wildfires.