Please take a look at this useful RG link.

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00122-z

Trees play a vital role in the balance of the ecosystem. And deforestation is the process of destroying trees to make way for pastures, industries, and households of an ever-increasing human population. People who are addicted to excessive deforestation to increase their "living area" and for other related purposes sometimes do not think about the damage they cause to the ecological balance of the planet on which they live. What are the consequences of all this in General?

Needless to say, deforestation has a somewhat negative impact on the environment. Perhaps one of the main drawbacks of deforestation on our planet is that it violates... water cycle. Trees are known to be responsible for composing water from the soil, releasing moisture into the atmosphere. Deforestation causes disruption in the water cycle and makes the environment drier (dries it).

Climate change, as a consequence, is a serious consequence of excessive deforestation of the "lungs of the planet"! After all, forests lock up atmospheric carbon in the process of photosynthesis, trees contain most of the atmospheric carbon.

Burning the forest leads to the emission of more carbon dioxide in the air. Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, such as nitrogen oxides and methane, are known to trap atmospheric heat, thus increasing the average temperature of the Earth's surface. This increase in temperature near the surface of the Earth and the oceans is called "global warming", which is harmful to all living things.

An increase in the average temperature of our planet will necessarily cause an increase in the water level. Global warming is already causing glaciers and ice to melt at the North poles, thereby increasing sea level rise. This phenomenon is a serious threat to life on Earth, and it is up to us to take the right measures to prevent all of this from happening.

Go on. We must not forget that trees are a biological diversity in nature. The animal world thrives on and out of vegetation. As we cut down trees, we deprive the fauna of its food sources and cause the destruction of the lives of many, many species of animals. This can lead to the extinction of various species of animals. Global warming, which is largely due to deforestation, further threatens the plant and animal world, thereby upsetting the balance in nature.

It is believed that the use of fossil fuels, the burning of oil and gas, cause global warming. But research has shown that deforestation is one of its main causes. This is the main reason for the increase in the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which leads to the greenhouse effect.

Some other effects of global warming include extreme weather conditions, increased disease vectors, and changes in crop yields.

P.S. deforestation is the main cause of global warming! It sounds disastrous, but we must show great concern about the problem of cutting down trees. This is especially true for the education of our children! We need to take swift action to prevent deforestation so that we can hope for a favorable living environment.

Global warming is caused by the addition of greenhouse gasses to the atmosphere, specifically by the increasing proportion of carbon dioxide in the air. Greenhouse gasses in troposphere work as a ceiling or shield that allows the solar radiation to reach the earth's surface. But, when earth balances its heat budget and radiates back the extra heat to the space, shield of greenhouse gasses stop this radiation and send it back towards the earth. Resultantly, the extra heat keeps

on circulating between the covering of greenhouse gasses and earth's surface in the atmosphere, and also tends to accumulate. In so doing, this radiation is slowly increasing the temperature of atmosphere which is known as global warming. Major factors which are responsible for the ever increasing emission of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere are, rapidly growing population, expanding industrialization and urbanization, increasing agriculture, trade and transportation activities, increasing domestic fuel consumption, decreasing forest resources etc. The problem of global warming can be controlled by controlling the emission of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere and by keeping their proportion within natural limits. Along with this, focusing on to the application of ecological methods can help a lot. Growing more forests and using less amount of wood as a fuel can be one of the best solutions. Otherwise present trends of global warming may continue and humans should be ready to face the serious consequences.

Global climate change is a threat to biodiversity loss. Increase in the carbon dioxide gas in the air by automobile exhausts, industrial chimneys etc. prevents the flow of long wave radiations through the atmospheric layers and retains it. As a result, the atmosphere is warmed up resulting in global warming. Climate change may cause changes in forest distribution. Localized species may get extinct whilst widespread species may survive in some part of their range. Such effect on fores species composition will have effect on local and regional economics.

Munira Nasiruddin views are worth noting.

Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG, In my opinion, in order to counteract the adverse effects of climate change, including the global warming process which is progressing faster and faster, it is necessary to increase expenditure and develop afforestation programs, increase green areas and extend the scope of protection of natural forest ecosystems. The impact of forest trees is particularly important as one of the important factors in counteracting adverse climate change and counteracting the global warming process that is accelerating. It is therefore necessary to increase forest areas. It is necessary to develop afforestation programs for civilization-degraded areas and green areas also in urban agglomerations. Therefore, it is also necessary to increase investment and develop afforestation programs under national environmental policies. Within these programs, the scope of protection of natural forest ecosystems should also be increased. I wrote more about this in the comments, questions and answers on my Research Gate profile.

Have a nice day. Regards.

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Thanks Dariusz Prokopowicz for providing useful information about the issue under consideration.

In 2019 the mean global atmospheric CO2 content increased by 3 ppmv from 408 to 411 ppmv. The carbon cycle maxima and minima were 411 and 407 ppmv, respectively. The 4 ppmv reduction results from CO2 take-up by plant growth (2.4 ppmv) and oceanic adsorption (1.6 ppmv). Of course, the reduction is followed by a similar increase as vegetation dies and decays and the ocean releases some on the CO2 removed. And so the cycle continues. From this information, if the world’s total vegetation, not just trees, was doubled the CO2 reduction of 2.4 ppmv would be less than the underlying increase of 3 ppmv.

I present these figures not to argue against forestation but to reveal the enormity of the task. Further, establishing a forest takes decades and will do nothing for CO2 levels in 2021.

Earlier in the year, President Trump suggested that planting 1 trillion trees would solve the problem (and allow continued use of fossil fuels). Here are some numbers based on planting a coniferous forest in the UK. First, saplings have to be grown in a nursery from seed, which takes around two years, after which they are planted. Around 2000 saplings are planted per hectare.

After a few year’s growth, the weaker trees and those with features that make them commercially unattractive are thinned out. Further thinning may take place at intervals before the final harvest when there may be 400 trees per hectare, 20 percent of the original planting.

Assuming the trillion is based on the initial planting, the area required will be 500 million hectares. In more familiar units this is 1.93 million square miles or half the land area of the lower 48 United States. Quite an undertaking, certainly a job creator. Assuming that this is to be done expeditiously, say over 20 years, that is 50 billion per year or 1585 saplings planted per second.

It is not just a matter of planting the trees and then forgetting about them, to maximise their effectiveness the forests have to be managed to maintain a steady high CO2 removal rate. The thinning process achieves this but what to do with the thinnings? Also, if unattended, the forests will be subject to fires (possibly more so as the climate warms think of California last year and Australia this year) releasing the captured CO2, or they will progressively die and decay releasing methane.

So in addition to planting there has to be a long-term commitment to using the timber (and thinnings) produced. The whole purpose is defeated If they are just burned and the CO2 is allowed to discharge atmosphere. Here are two strategies that make forestation an effective CO2 reduction measure.

Increase the use of wood in the construction industry. Structural beams engineered from layers of wood glued together can replace steel beams. This approach has been used in an 18-storey building in Vancouver and plans are ready for a similar building with 40-storeys. The building effectively sequesters the CO2 removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis.

https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2019/jul/22/canadian-cities-take-wooden-skyscrapers-to-new-heights

What to do with the thinnings, timber residue, and any excess timber. This can be burned and the CO2 emitted captured and stored underground. Sustainably-sourced wood is being burned at Drax Power Plant in Yorkshire with plans to capture the CO2 and store it in depleted oil and gas fields in the North Sea.

https://www.drax.com/press_release/drax-to-pilot-europes-first-carbon-capture-storage-project-beccs/

Nature has already “harvested” fossil fuels and stored them ready for use, so planting and harvesting trees is going to be more expensive but it is part of the approach necessary if global temperatures are to be constrained.

Thanks John M Wheeldon for your very informative answer helpful in understanding the issue.

Following.

Global warming leads to increase of earth's temperature leading to climate change. Main factors affecting global warming are, increased green house gases due to human activities and deforestation. Forests are a stabilizing force for climate change. When trees of forests are cut down, burned or rot, their stored carbon is released into the air as carbon dioxide and this is how they contribute to global warming. And also, when the forest trees are cut down there will be oxygen depletion leading to consequent increase of carbon dioxide in the air.

Thanks Munira Nasiruddin for your response. Yes, increase in the amount of forests and sustained yield forestry can help a lot in controlling global warming.

The global warming process is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases emitted by classic energy based on the combustion of fossil fuels, means of transport powered by internal combustion engines, intensive production of farm animals, etc. forest ecosystems, the development of city parks, etc., can significantly slow down the unfavorable processes of climate change.

Greetings,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Dariusz Prokopowicz thanks for useful answer.

Deforestation causes global warming, also the pollutants emitted by the vehicles add up to it resulting in the increase of greenhouse gases.

Trees have different direct and indirect effects on climate which results from trees reactions to various and effective factors on climate conditions. Factors such as emissions of greenhouse gases, aerosol production, alteration of albedo ratio and heat disturbances are among different factors which affect the speed of climate changes. It is therefore necessary to take action for mitigating climate change consequences. One of the most important and economical solutions includes forest development. The most important issue for forest development is select suitable tree species that can mitigate the climate change consequences.

Leila Vatani thanks for your worthwhile response about the issue under consideration.

Dear Dr. Asad Ali Khan

you're welcome, I also thank you for following up and participating in the discussion.

Dear Dr. Dariusz Prokopowicz

Yes, that's right. Thank you for your complete answer.

We do research about tree species effects on Albedo and soil carbon and nitrogen to detect interaction between planting various trees species and albedo, carbon stock and nitrogen deposition in Hyrcanian forest of northern Iran.

The findings of this study demonstrated that the presence of different tree species of plantations has different significant effects on albedo and soil properties in this temperate forest. Our results revealed the benefits of intercropped broad-leaved trees on albedo and soil C and N stocks rates. These findings can help to enhance forest management activities, such as selection of tree species in reforestations, plantations and agroforestry systems.

Thanks Leila Vatani for sharing worthwhile results of your research. This may help to understand the issue under consideration.

Yes I strongly agree Dariusz Prokopowicz sir and also now contributing irreversible process also like Glacial melting also increase global average temperature

Natural cycle also contribute ( Milankovitch theory earth tile 23.5 degree now, eccentricity and precession)

More plantation will reduce global warming we suffering lots due to global warming so simply can try to reduce pollution, fallow sustainable concept, and research towards nature protection

Thanks Nagalakshmi Radhakrishnan for your worthwhile response regarding the issue under discussion.

Dear Nagalakshmi Radhakrishnan

thanks for your answer

I agree with you too

But in the case of plantation, we must be careful to use tree species for forest development that have greater cooling effects.

The choice of species is very important in this case.

Trees have different direct and indirect effects on climate which results from trees reactions to various and effective factors on climate conditions.Factors such as emissions of greenhouse gases, aerosol production, alteration of albedo ratio and heat disturbances are among different factors which affect the speed of climate changes. It is therefore necessary to take necessary to take action to mitigate climate change consequences

Climate change will likely expand the range and prevalence of forest pests and pathogens, according to Scheller. The warmer temperatures and drier conditions associated with drought, in particular, could increase the reproductive rate of certain insect species. 

Scheller said this phenomenon is already evident in the western U.S. where pests populations are causing massive tree die-offs, with the bark beetle alone destroying 45 million acres of forest in recent years.

“Wildfires get all the press, but insects are killing far more trees in the western U.S. than wildfires,” Scheller concluded.

Carbon Competition

Carbon-Emissions-5-Ways-Climate-Change-Impacts-Forests.