Zenebe Amele: To answer your question is not easy because you supplied no information about communication of lake water with wells. I suppose (I do not know if correctly) that lake water is a source of water in wells. In that case everything depends upon selfcleaning capacity of geological material between lake and wells. If the selfcleaning capacity is large, the quality of water in wells will be positively influenced.
(Drinking) Watrer quality parameters should be set by local (regional, state) authorities responsible for water quality control, not by university stuff or students.
Best regards
Vit
Well,
Key hydrochemical measurements and analyses should be done to determine the important parameters like, TDS. PH, EC.
Na, K, Ca, Mg....Cl, SO4, HCO3, NO3, cations and anions
F, Fe, Mn, pb, Cr, Cu ..... other trace elements
Sincerely
lake water indicate surface water and hand pump gives groundwater. therefore chemical characteristics may be differ to each other. Lake influenced by rain whereas hand pump by soil/mineral/rock - water interaction.
For drinking water ,in both type of sources, the Physical,chemical and bacteriological parameters must be present within WHO or equivalent recommended permissible limits.
Like Dr. Mateju has indicated, if the source of water extracted from hand-pump fitted wells is lake water, then the water quality from the well can be similar to that of lake water or it may be a bit improved or deteriorated due to rock-water interaction.
With reference to water quality parameters for drinking purpose, though one can develop their own region specific standards, it is always better to follow WHO standards. Guidance given by Dr. Bayan also help you.
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