The evaluation of crop growth and yield is generally including crop supervision like irrigation, fertilization, cultivation and protecting plant from diseases. Crop models are categories as Descriptive, statistical, Deterministic, Stochastic, Dynamic and Explanatory types. A Crop Simulation Model (CSM) is a simulation model that describes processes of crop growth and development as a function of weather conditions, soil conditions, and crop management.
https://www.pv-magazine.com/2022/08/23/new-models-to-predict-crop-yields-in-agrivoltaics/
Agrivoltaic systems, which consist of the combination of energy production by means of photovoltaic systems and agricultural production in the same area, have emerged as a promising solution to the constraints related to the reduction in cultivated areas due to solar panels used in agricultural production systems.
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/11/3/948
DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer): A comprehensive software package that simulates the growth, development, and yield of multiple crops. It can assess the impact of various factors, including weather, soil, and management practices.
APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator): A modeling framework that simulates crop and pasture growth, soil processes, and management practices. It's useful for understanding crop responses to different environmental and management scenarios.
CropSyst: This software models agricultural systems to simulate crop growth, water use, nutrient cycling, and other factors. It can simulate different cropping systems and assess the impacts of changing environmental conditions.
SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool): While primarily focused on water resources, SWAT can also be utilized to simulate crop growth and yield under varying conditions. It's especially useful for understanding water availability and its impact on crops.
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