If you dissolve nanoparticles, they are longer nanoparticles. Probably, You are asking about the solvent for good dispersion and stability of nanoparticles.
The choice of solvent for TiO2 nanoparticles as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) can have a significant impact on their properties and efficacy. The ideal solvent for TiO2 nanoparticles should be biocompatible, have good dispersion properties, and not interfere with the PDT process.
Some common solvents that have been used for TiO2 nanoparticles in PDT include water, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Water is a particularly attractive solvent as it is abundant, inexpensive, and biocompatible. However, the use of water as a solvent for TiO2 nanoparticles can lead to aggregation and reduced dispersion, which can negatively impact their performance.
Ethanol, DMSO, and PEG have also been used as solvents for TiO2 nanoparticles in PDT. Ethanol is a good solvent for TiO2 nanoparticles and can provide good dispersion properties, but it can be toxic to cells at high concentrations. DMSO is a commonly used solvent that is biocompatible and has good dispersion properties for TiO2 nanoparticles, but its use in PDT can lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause cellular damage. PEG is another biocompatible solvent that has been used to improve the dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles, but its effectiveness as a solvent for PDT has not been extensively studied.