The current technology of seismic constructions likes to recycle the seismic rocking intensities, derived from the magnitude of the ground acceleration and the mass of the structure which generate the inertia intensities that cooperate with the seismic duration and the resonance multiplied in bearing elements and break them.
The big mistakes of modern seismic design are two.
1) They recycle the tensions of the earthquake on the cross sections of the bearing body
2) They send the intensities on the small cross sections instead of deflecting them on the large ones which are stronger.
A small cross section is one formed by the width and thickness of the element. A large cross section is one formed by the height and width of the element.
The design I suggest is different.
1) I use the large vertical and strong cross-section of the wall to transfer the compressive forces, deep into the ground through the anchoring mechanism of an anchor.
2) I use a tendon anchored to the ground and extended to the wall in order to deflect the tensile stresses of the other side of the wall into the ground.
3) I use concrete to receive compressive strengths whose specifications are excellent, and steel exclusively to receive tensile strengths.
This design deflects at each seismic load the inertia intensities (before being transferred to the small cross-sections of the beams and breaking them) into the ground, before they multiply over time and before construction and ground coordination occurs.
Plan
https://scontent.fath3-4.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/170521394_4380069365339319_1507274050092491829_n.jpg?_nc_cat=100&_nc_map=control&ccb=1-3&_nc_sid=825194&_nc_ohc=opFo2buYaf8AX_iLYpQ&_nc_ht=scontent.fath3-4.fna&oh=8b057f2df1f2a6d085f37d9a08e813ba&oe=60976934
( Γ ) = Rolling torque
( A ) = Ground acceleration
( B ) = Inertia intensities
( 1 ) = Intensions compressive stresses
( 2 ) = Tensile strengths
( 3 ) = Diversion of tensile stresses in the ground, through the tendon 3
Άρθρωση = articulation
1 = Diversion of compressive stresses through the cross section of the wall and the anchoring mechanism, deep into the ground.
If there is no anchoring in the ground 3, then the wall rotates Γ, around the articulation, transferring the stresses to the beams where the walls are connected to them, through the nodes and break them.
Experiments.
When tensions are allowed in the ground no problem
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RoM5pEy7n9Q&t=48s
When tensions are recycled around the nodes then big problem!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-X4tF9C7SE&t=9s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZkCKY0EypM
I don't understand anything about it. I will follow the discussion to learn about.
Dear Humberto Costa
The principal object of the tie rod for construction projects of the present invention as well as of the method for constructing building structures utilizing the tie rod of the present invention is to minimize the aforesaid problems associated with the safety of construction structures in the event of natural phenomena such as earthquakes, hurricanes and very high lateral winds. According to the present invention, this can be achieved by a continuous pre-stressing (pulling) of both the building structure towards the ground and of the ground towards the structure, making these two parts one body like a sandwich. Said pre-stressing is applied by means of the mechanism of the hydraulic tie rod for construction projects. Said mechanism comprises a steel cable crossing freely in the centre the structure’s vertical support elements and also the length of a drilling beneath them. Said steel cable’s lower end is tied to an anchor-type mechanism that is embedded into the walls of the drilling to prevent it from being uplifted. Said steel cable’s top end is tied to a hydraulic pulling mechanism, exerting a continuous uplifting force. The pulling force applied to the steel cable by means of the hydraulic mechanism and the reaction to such pulling from the fixed anchor at the other end of it generate the desired compression in the construction project.
More ...Article The Ultimate Anti-Seismic System
Dear Ioannis Lymperis,
Let me tell you that I totally disagree with what you are saying!
Maybe because of your poor English I could not catch the essence of your questions. But from the structural mechanics (or structural dynamics and earthquake engineering) it is clear that a structural element which is stiffer (stronger) will get a bigger inertial (seismic) force than a weak element with small cross section.
I am not going to stress now your attention to all what you are asking or suggesting as many things which were mentioned by you need to be clarified. For example, what do you mean by saying "...recycle the tensions of the earthquake...", etc.
Anyway, please get down from the heavens and try using clear language to explain what your questions are about?
Mikayel Melkumyan (Armenia)
Professor, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering),
Academician (member of two international academies including the Athens Institute for Education and Research)
Dear Mikayel Gregor Melkumyan
Experiments speak all languages
Look at these experiments first (and you know from experiments) and tell me if you want your opinion. I will try to explain to you a little later what I am saying.
If you read Greek see this simulation in the attachment
Experiment Findings EXPERIMENTAL ELEMENTS
Article The Ultimate Anti-Seismic System
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RoM5pEy7n9Q&t=159s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhkUlxC6IK4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IO6MxxH0lMU
Dear Mikayel Gregor Melkumyan
I will try with my poor English to give you as many explanations as you want.
You can ask me whatever you want about my invention.
First Question.
< what do you mean by saying "...recycle the tensions of the earthquake...", etc. >
Answer
The behavior of the structure during an earthquake is basically a horizontal displacement (let's forget for a moment any vertical component) that is repeated a few times. If the displacement is small enough to hold all the members of the structure within the elastic region, the energy generated is energy stored in the structure (in the body of the elements) and then released to restore the structure to its original shape. Like the spring. This energy storage and then its performance in the opposite direction applied by the spring, in the construction is stored and released by the pillar and the beam. In short, all the acceleration of the earthquake is converted into stored energy in the structure. As long as the displacement holds each part of any member within an elastic region, all the energy stored in the structure will circulate at the end of the cycle, in the opposite direction. This displacement region is called the elastic region, in which no failures are observed. If the seismic energy (measured by ground acceleration) is too large, it will produce excessively large displacements that will cause a very high curvature in the vertical and horizontal elements. If the curvature is too high, this means that the rotation of the sections of columns and beams will be well above the elastic area (Compressive concrete deformation over 0.35% and reinforcement fiber stresses over 0.2 %) beyond the leakage limit. When the rotation exceeds this limit of elasticity, the structure begins to "dissolve the energy storage" through plastic displacement, which means that the parts will have a residual displacement that will not be able to be recovered (while in the elastic region all displacements are recovered). Basically the design of the strength of a current building is limited to the limits of the elastic design range, and then goes to the default plastic leak areas, which are default areas of small and many leak failures, (usually designed to occur at the ends of the beams) so that it does not collapse the structure. This is the mechanism of plasticity that consumes seismic energy. (Structure collapses when oblique / failed columns fail) If the parts that experience the plastic deformations exceed the breaking point limit, and there are too many on the structure, the structure will collapse.
It is known that the columns and the walls are joined at the nodes with the beams. Any change in the position of the vertical axis of the trunk of the wall and the pillar is transferred to the trunk of the beam.
This is what I mean when I say that your design recycles tensions. That is, the intensities of bending and tipping moment of the vertical elements, are transferred and recycled around the nodes. My design does not send tensions to the cross sections around the nodes. My design sends the right compression and tensile forces of the wall into the ground. This is the main difference.
It is a method that uses a mechanism to pontoon nodes of higher level of constructions with earth and which dynamically deflect the lateral load of the earthquake through the vertical support elements and directs them into the ground controlling in this way the oscillation of the construction.
Recommended.
Presentation DYNAMICS OF CONSTRUCTIONS RESEARCH
Basically today they can not control the inelastic displacement of the structure, because the reaction of the cross sections is insufficient The method I am telling you offers an extra external force coming from the ground which I use to control the displacement of the structure.
Without inelastic displacement, there is no inelastic deformation. And without inelastic deformation, there are no failures.
Dear Ioannis Lymperis,
Your long explanations did not tell anything new about behavior of structures under seismic loading and, therefore, generally your explanations are acceptable.
However, again I need to know in detail what your so-called invention is about? If you think that your "approach" is an invention, then you must make it very clear to all of us and, which is more important, your invention must be registered by the corresponding authorized body in your country.
Did you register your invention? What is the official name of your invention?
Prof. Dr. Mikayel Melkumyan
Dear Mikayel Gregor Melkumyan
I am the first in the world to apply anchoring of the construction with the ground + prestressing on the walls.
I also built a new anchoring mechanism that anchors very firmly to the ground on soft ground and rock.
https://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?PageNum=0&docid=09540783&IDKey=E711B79EA29C&HomeUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fpatft.uspto.gov%2Fnetacgi%2Fnph-Parser%3FSect1%3DPTO1%2526Sect2%3DHITOFF%2526d%3DPALL%2526p%3D1%2526u%3D%25252Fnetahtml%25252FPTO%25252Fsrchnum.htm%2526r%3D1%2526f%3DG%2526l%3D50%2526s1%3D9%25252C540%25252C783.PN.%2526OS%3DPN%2F9%2C540%2C783%2526RS%3DPN%2F9%2C540%2C783
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2010097642
Presentation PACKING MECHANISM - GROUND ANCHORING AND METHOD
Disrupt Startup ScaleUP 2014_Yiannis Lymperis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8t-q8L-45RU
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